THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 
OF  CALIFORNIA 

LOS  ANGELES 


,B.,AcW» 

IV" 


ROWE  SHORTHAND 


COMPOSED  OF  THE  PRINCIPLES  AND  RULES 
OF  NEW  RAPID  SHORTHAND 


NEW  AND  REVISED  EDITION 

ARRANGED   BY 

CHARLES  G.  REIGNER,  A.B.,  LL.B. 


THE  H.  M.  ROWE  COMPANY 
BALTIMORE  SAN  FRANCISCO 


COPYRIGHT  1888 
C.  E.  McKEE 

COPYRIGHT  1889 
C.  E.  McKEE 

COPYRIGHT  1900  AND  1907 
SADLER-ROWE  Co. 

COPYRIGHT  1915 
BY  THE  H.  M.  ROWE  Co. 

COPYRIGHT  1917 
BY  THE  H.  M.  ROWE  Co. 

COPYRIGHT  1920 
BY  THE  H.  M.  ROWE  Co. 


R  JL1 


HISTORICAL 

Until  1915  ROWE  Shorthand  had  been  known  since  its  first 
publication  in  1888  as  New  Rapid  Shorthand.  The  title  was 
changed  as  it  appears  in  this  book  for  the  following  reasons: 

(a)  the  agreement  at  the  time  the  title  to  the  copyright  was 
purchased  by  the  present  publisher  does  not  permit  the  name 
of  the  original  author  to  appear  except  on  the  copyright  page, 

(b)  the  word  "New"  in  the  original  title  is  no  longer  appropriate 
in  connection  with  a  system  that  has  been  in  constant  use  for 

2  considerably  more  than  a  quarter  of  a  century,  and  (c)  it  is 
M  obvious  that  since  rapidity  is  claimed  for  all  systems,  the  word 
c£  "Rapid"  in  the  old  title  now  has  no  special  significance.  For 
c  these  reasons  it  seemed  preferable  to  identify  the  present  text 
D  with  the  name  of  the  house  publishing  it. 

In  his  preface  written  in  1889  the  author  says:  "The  history 
SJ  of  the  past  proves  that  a  system  of  brief  writing  has  been  the 
in  demand  of  the  ages.     That  this  demand  still  exists  is  too  obvious 
§  to  need  assertion.     When  we  realize  what  a  small  percentage 
of  the  multitudes  who  yearly  take  up  the  study  of  shorthand 
make  a  success  of  it,  we  begin  to  see  the  need  of  an  improvement 
3  in  this  line  of  human  achievement.     This  recognized  necessity 
§  for  a  simple,  practical  system  of  brief  writing — one  that  can 
be  learned  and  put  into  daily  use  by  the  masses,  without  devot- 
ing years  of  study  and  practice  to  this  one  study  alone — is 
what  inspired  the  author  in  his  efforts  to  develop  the  present 
system." 


IV  HISTORICAL 

In  his  introduction  in  the  same  text  he  says:  "What  the  world 
is  demanding  today  is  a  system  that  can  be  easily  learned,  is 
as  legible  as  print,  and  can  be  written  rapidly.  Illegibility  has 
been  the  most  glaring  defect  of  all  systems  of  shorthand  writing. 
This  great  deficiency,  together  with  others,  so  painfully  realized 
by  the  author  in  past  years,  accounts  for  the  existence  of  this 
system." 

These  statements  show  how  clearly  the  author  understood 
what  he  wished  to  accomplish  in  inventing  a  system  of  short- 
hand, but  he  wrought  better  than  he  knew.  It  was  not  per- 
mitted that  he  should  see  or  perhaps  realize  the  wonderful 
possibilities  of  the  system  he  created — a  system  so  perfect  in 
the  basic  elements  of  its  construction  that  its  alphabet  and 
principles  stand  today  substantially  as  he  left  them. 

It  should  be  remembered  that  ROWE  Shorthand  is  no  experi- 
ment. Originally  the  work  of  a  remarkable  genius  in  shorthand 
creation,  it  has  been  refined  in  the  crucible  of  experience  at  the 
hands  of  those  who  are  masters  of  the  subject.  Since  its  first 
publication  the  system  has  been  continually  under  the  hammer 
of  a  searching  criticism  that  was  intended  to  finally  produce 
the  finest  and  the  most  perfect  system  of  shorthand  that  could 
be  invented.  Its  quality  which,  we  believe,  fully  justifies  the 
strong  claims  we  make  for  it,  will  be  quickly  discovered  by  any 
one  who  will  take  the  trouble  to  investigate  it. 

H.  M.  ROWE 


PREFACE 

In  the  construction  of  the  alphabet  and  abbreviating  prin- 
ciples of  ROWE  Shorthand  all  the  available  stenographic  ma- 
terial was  utilized  in  the  largest  possible  measure,  with  the 
result  that  the  system  is  characterized  by  extraordinarily  few 
arbitrary  forms  and  a  remarkably  high  degree  of  inherent 
legibility. 

In  this  presentation  of  the  system  the  fullest  use  has  been 
made  of  those  methods  in  the  teaching  of  shorthand  which 
have  lately  come  to  be  recognized  as  thoroughly  sound  and 
progressive.  One  is  "dictation  from  the  beginning."  "Theory" 
and  "practice"  have  been  skillfully  interwoven.  From  tht 
very  beginning  of  his  study  the  student  applies  his  knowledge 
of  the  principles  to  the  writing  of  connected  matter.  Beginning 
with  the  fourth  lesson,  each  lesson  contains  letters  and  articles 
both  in  shorthand  and  in  print. 

Visual  impression  is  another  very  important  matter  at  the 
beginning  of  the  study  of  shorthand,  and  the  fullest  use  of  this 
recognized  educational  method  has  been  made  in  this  presen- 
tation of  the  system.  The  application  of  every  writing  rule 
is  thoroughly  illustrated  when  it  is  stated.  A  review  exercise 
in  each  lesson,  consisting  of  words  miscellaneously  arranged, 
serves  to  sum  up  all  the  principles  taught  in  the  lesson.  Read- 
ing and  writing  exercises,  consisting  of  words,  sentences,  letters, 
and  articles,  lead  the  student  step  by  step  to  the  writing  of 
general  matter.  Frequent  review  tests,  including  questions  on 
principles  and  test  words  and  phrases,  make  it  possible  at 
regular  intervals  to  check  the  student's  knowledge  and  progress. 


VI  PREFACE 

This  varied  and  constructive  type  of  illustrative  material  in 
the  text  eliminates  waste  effort  in  the  study  of  shorthand. 

The  shorthand  script  forms  in  the  book  are  photo-engravings 
from  pen-written  outlines.  The  book  teaches  an  easy,  flowing 
style  of  shorthand  instead  of  placing  before  the  student  lifeless 
outlines  drawn  with  geometrical  exactness. 

Simplicity,  legibility,  and  facility  are  the  outstanding  char- 
acteristics of  ROWE  Shorthand.  We  confidently  believe  that 
this  new  presentation  makes  it  possible  for  students  to  learn 
the  system  in  the  simplest  and  most  direct  manner. 

THE  H.  M.  ROWE  COMPANY 


ABOUT  SHORTHAND 

An  average  of  thirty  words  a  minute  represents  practically 
the  maximum  speed  at  which  legible  longhand  can  be  written. 
Many  of  the  characters  of  the  longhand  alphabet  require  three, 
four,  and  even  five  strokes  to  write  them.  It  is  thus  quite 
impossible  to  record  speech  in  longhand  at  the  ordinary  rate 
of  utterance. 

It  is  for  that  reason  that  shorthand  has  been  devised.  Each 
character  in  the  shorthand  alphabet  is  written  with  a  single 
stroke  and  in  that  one  respect  alone  shorthand  greatly  reduces 
the  tune  and  labor  required  to  write  words. 

Shorthand,  however,  differs  from  longhand  in  that  it  is  con- 
cerned with  the  sounds  heard  in  the  pronunciation  of  words 
rather  than  with  their  spelling.  It  follows  that  in  writing  short- 
hand you  will  omit  all  silent  letters  because  they  have  no 
sound.  Shorthand,  instead  of  providing  a  character  for  each 
of  the  twenty-six  letters  in  the  longhand  alphabet,  provides  a 
character  for  each  sound  in  our  language.  You  must  thus 
learn  to  think  of  words  as  being  combinations  of  sounds.  The 
signs  which  stand  for  the  sounds  in  a  word,  when  joined  together, 
produce  the  shorthand  outline  for  that  word.  When  you  read 
and  transcribe  a  shorthand  outline,  you  must  translate  the 
sounds  which  it  represents  into  the  longhand  spelling  of  the 
word. 

You  can  see  from  this  why  it  is  unnecessary  in  shorthand  to 
provide  a  sign  for  c.  This  letter  is  sometimes  pronounced  as  s 
and  sometimes  as  k.  When  pronounced  as  s,  the  stenographer, 
writing  according  to  sound,  uses  the  shorthand  sign  for  s;  when 

1 


2  ROWE  SHORTHAND 

it  is  pronounced  as  k,  he  writes  the  shorthand  sign  for  k. 
Again,  shorthand  provides  a  distinct  sign  for  hard  g  as  in  get; 
the  soft  sound  as  heard  in  giant  is  actually  the  same  sound 
as  j  in  jet.  Hence,  the  stenographer  always  represents  the  soft 
sound  of  g  by  the  sign  which  stands  for  the  sound  of  j. 

There  are  some  simple  consonant  sounds  in  our  language 
that  require  two  longhand  letters  for  their  representation;  the 
ch  sound  in  the  word  check,  for  example,  is  actually  a  single 
consonant  sound,  and  it  is  consequently  represented  in  short- 
hand by  a  single  stroke  character. 

The  sounds  of  our  language  are  of  two  classes — consonant 
and  vowel.  The  vowels  are  a,  e,  i,  o,  and  u.  F  is  sometimes 
a  vowel  sound  as  in  by  and  sometimes  a  consonant  sound  as 
in  yonder.  All  the  other  sounds  which  we  use  in  pronouncing 
words  are  consonants. 

Since  shorthand  provides  a  sign  for  each  sound,  the  shorthand 
alphabet  consists  of  more  characters  than  the  longhand  alpha- 
bet. These  characters  consist  of  straight  strokes  and  curves  of 
different  lengths,  as  well  as  circles  and  loops.  The  distinctions 
of  form  and  length  must  be  carefully  observed  so  that  there 
will  be  no  difficulty  in  reading  outlines.  You  can  easily  see 
that  the  distinction  between  the  longhand  e  and  the  longhand  / 
is  one  of  size.  That  distinction  must  be  preserved  in  order  to 
write  legibly.  Exactly  the  same  thing  is  true  in  shorthand. 

You  will  begin  your  study  of  shorthand  by  learning  the  short 
characters  and  the  sounds  which  they  represent. 


LESSON  1 
THE  SHORT  CHARACTERS 

1.  In  shorthand,  words  are  written  by  sound  —  exactly  as  they 
are  pronounced.  In  the  following  words,  for  example,  only 
the  letters  not  crossed  out  are  represented  in  shorthand.  The 
letters  crossed  out  are  silent,  hence  they  are  not  represented  in 
the  shorthand  forms  for  the  words. 


2.  Shorthand  provides  a  character  for  each  sound  in  the  lan- 
guage.    The  characters  are  grouped  according  to  length  and 
form.     The  following  are  the  short  characters: 

R          CH  T         TR 

\  I  /  / 

As  heard  in:         rate        c/zat        /each         trte 

NOTE:  These  cha  acters  are  written  downward.  CH  is  called  cliay.  TR 
represents  the  combined  consonant  sounds  of  /  and  r  as  heard  in  such  words 
as  trade,  trunk,  etc.  Such  combined  consonant  sounds  are  called  blends. 
TR  is  shaded  and  pronounced  ter.  T  and  R  are  pronounced  as  in  the 
English  alphabet. 

3.  These  characters  represent  consonant  sounds  only.     In  or- 
der to  make  a  consonant  sound  pronounceable,  it  is  necessary 

3 


4  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

to  combine  a  vowel  sound  with  the  consonant  sound.  As  there 
are  five  basic  vowels,  a,  e,  i,  o,  and  u,  so  in  shorthand  there  are 
five  positions,  one  for  each  vowel,  as  shown  in  the  following 
illustration: 

a 


4.  When  a  consonant  sign  (character)  is  written  on  one 
of  these  positions,  the  vowel  sound  of  that  position  is  pronounced 
and  read  immediately  after  the  consonant. 

\Yrite  the  short  characters  on  the  vowel  positions.  Make  them  the 
same  length  as  in  the  illustration.  Pronounce  aloud  the  syllables  thus 
formed,  using  the  long  sound  of  each  vowel  with  the  consonant;  thus,  ra, 
rha,  ta,  tra,  re,  che,  te,  tre,  etc. 

ra     \      cha     '       ta     /      tra     / 
re...:  s...  che.  ..i  ____  te  ____  /...tre..../. 
ri--  --\----chi---i  —  ti  —  /---tri----/-- 
ro'"v~ch(j--i  —  to"  V'tro  ••-/•• 
fu"\""chu    i       tu    7      tru"   / 

NOTE:  Characters  placed  on  o-position  should  be  written  above  the 
line;  those  on  e-position,  on  the  line;  on  /-position,  through  the  line;  on 
o-position,  below  and  touching  the  line;  and  on  w-position,  just  under  and 
free  from  the  line. 

Write  from  dictation: 

ti,  ra,  cho,  tre,  ro;        ta,  tri,  cha,  ru,  te;        tra,  re,  chu,  ri,  che; 
tro,  tu,  chi,  tru. 


ROWE   SHORTHAND  5 

5.  The  sign  representing  the  beginning  consonant  sound  in 
a  word  is  always  written  on  the  position  of  the  first  sounded 
vowel  following  the  consonant.     A  sign  following  the  first  char- 
acter so  written  on  position  is  joined  without  lifting  the  pencil. 

NOTE:  The  "long"  sound  of  a  vowel  may  be  distinguished  from  the 
corresponding  "short"  sound  by  placing  a  heavy  dot  beside  the  con- 
sonant sign  which  is  written  on  position  to  indicate  such  a  following 
vowel.  The  dot  is  used  to  indicate  "long"  vowel  sounds  only  in  unfa- 
miliar or  isolated  words  and  in  proper  names.  In  ordinary  cases  its  use 
is  unnecessary. 

Practice  the  following  words: 

•  ray  ...\..  tea  .../... 

rate  ...>._  teach  ...(... 

reach  ...>,—  tore  ....... 

roach  ........  tire  ...^... 

try  --/--  tree  ../.... 

6.  T  is  written  upward  after  T,  TR,  and  CH. 

tight      ..^...  tot         ..^.. 

trait        ..?...  cheat       ...K.. 

treat       _.£..  chat         .?... 

WORD-SIGNS 

7.  A  large  proportion  of  all  written  and  spoken  language  con- 
sists of  a  number  of  simple  words  repeated  many  times.     In 
shorthand,  a  few  of  these  words  are  not  written  in  full  but  are 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


represented  by  some  part  of  the  complete  outline.  Such  abbre- 
viated outlines  are  called  word-signs.  The  following  list  should 
be  thoroughly  memorized. 


the  ...!...  are 

owe,  owed,  owing  .......  at 

each  ...i...  it 

which  -..(-..  to,  too    ..-,... 

such  -.,... 

PHRASES 

8.  The  outlines  for  many  words  and  word-signs  may  be 
joined.     Such  joining  is  called  phrase-writing.     The  following 
phrases  consist  of  word-signs: 

owing  to        •-;/—  at  it       ..{'.. 

which  are       ... i...  to  it 

\  "it- 

such  are         ... 

9.  The  following  punctuation  marks  are  used  in  shorthand: 

End  of  Sentence  ..-x--- 
End  of  Paragraph  .../... 
Comma  ...... 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 
READING  EXERCISE 

Read  and  transcribe: 


..&. ..'.....^..^...x...   ^r  ... 

WRITING  EXERCISE 

Write  in  shorthand: 

Words 

1  tray  6  tare 

2  trot  7  rut 

3  chew  8  true 

4  toe  9  rich 

5  trite  10  tore 

Sentences 

1.  The  tot  tore  each  tire. 

2.  Treat  the  rich  right. 

3.  Teach  each  tot  to  chat. 

4.  Try  to  tear  the  tie. 

5.  Which  tot  wrote  it? 


LESSON  2 
THE  MEDIUM  CHARACTERS 

10.  The  medium  characters  are  double  the  length  of  the 
short  characters: 

J  D         DR        M         F         FR       K         KR 

I  /  /          _        ^         ^        ^        _ 

jet         due      drear      mate     /ew       free     catch    crate 

NOTE:  J,  D,  and  DR  are  written  downward;  M,  F,  FR,  K,  and  KR  are 
written  forward,  from  left  to  right.  DR,  FR,  and  KR  are  blends;  shade 
them  only  enough  to  distinguish  them  from  the  corresponding  light 
characters. 

Practice  as  previously  instructed  (paragraph  4). 

J.a...    ...da ...... ('.r.a. .... ."?}*.. 7   ...(*.. T7?../.ra..^.J5.a. .^  '...^r*.^ 

je...l — de  ../...dre..  /.  ..jnc..^^.  _.fe.  .<rr>.  Jre. ./o.Jce  ..v^-.  .kre.v--r. 

ji----| — di---/-  --An---/--  -mi fi   -^**-  -  fri  --x^  -ki-  ->^^^--kri-  \u^ 

jo... ..  ...jy. ...... -l|ro-..^..-mo--_^...|-0.  v— »"iio">—N'lM>'"Ni^"kWSS»' 

ju     I       d'u     /     dm     ^     niu  -  -    fu  ^  ^    fru  x— »'  ku    v — ^  kru  ^, 

Write  from  dictation: 

ko,  ma,  di,  fre,  kru;        dro,  ju,  ka,  fa,  kro;        mu,  de,  fru,  ja,  ki; 
dre,  mi,  je,  fra,  du;         kri,  mo,  dri,  fo,  ku;       me,  ke,  fi,  dru,  jo; 

fro,  da,  fu,  kre,  fri;         dra,  fe,  ji,  kra. 
8 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 

Practice  the  following  words: 

day  ../..  dray  ./..., 

me  ..„_  ditch  .../... 

free  ..^^..  creed  .^.. 

mute  could 


V 
..\..-- 

made     —  T7.  catch       ^i. 


door      --.,-.  rim 


11.  D  (like  T)  is  written  upward  after  T,  TR,  CH,  and  J. 

See  paragraph  6. 

trade     _^_                                 jade  ....... 

trod       ....                                  toad  ...^.. 

jet  *      ...L.                                   chide  V- 
*  T  is  written  upward  after  J  as  well  as  after  CH. 

12.  The  suffix  ing  is  represented  by  a  light  dot  written  at  the 
end  of  the  outline. 


riding         ...x...  writing     ..^.. 

treading     ..ts.[.  reaching  ..•^.... 

cheating    ...k'_  reading    ...s... 


10 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


crutch 

might 

raft 

rough 

motor* 

fetching 

muff 


REVIEW  EXERCISE 

chewed         due 

reader*         ^ . . .  fife 

craft  .  ^~^7J..  drear 

tread  .../<....  chief 

drifting  ...^...  Taft*< 

from  -,-^-.  Fred*' 

road  ....  . —  Joe** 


*TR  and  DR  are  used  to  represent  the  unaccented  final  syllables  ter 
and  der. 

**  Capitals  should  be  indicated  by  two  short  dashes  written  under  the 
outline. 

WORD-SIGNS 


half 

if 

for 

character 

company 

one 

do,  dollar          

order,  ordered   . . .  /. 


change,  changed  ...I... 

charge,  charged  ...  I  ... 

judge,  judged  .    ... 

church  ...  ... 

today*  ..^... 
immediate,  immediately  ..—  7.. 
agent 


.U. 


*  Today  is  written  on  a-position  to  distinguish  it  from  the  phrase  to  do. 


ROWE   SHORTHAND  11 

13.  The  is  joined  to  a  preceding  word  by  a  small  retraced 
curve  written  on  the  under  side  of  the  sign.  When  a  sentence 
begins  with  the,  the  dot  must  always  be  used. 


to  the                

if  the 

owing  to  the 

for  the 

at  the               -  -  -  -  - 

to  do  the 

read  the            ..x... 

might  the 

READ1NG  EXERCISE 

Read  and  transcribe. 

Words 


Sentences 


.. 


12 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 
WRITING  EXERCISE 


Write  in  shorthand: 


Words 


1 

judging 

7 

raid 

13 

calf 

2 

fruit 

8 

cutting 

14 

dire 

3 

Dutch* 

9 

rammed 

15 

fatter 

4 

cried 

10 

dying 

16 

dredge* 

5 

ream 

11 

matched* 

17 

fed 

6 

dodge* 

12 

much 

18 

changing 

*What  consonant  in  these  words  is  silent  and  therefore  not  written  in 
shorthand? 

Sentences 

1.  Could-the*  judge  ride  to-the  church? 

2.  The  crew  tried  to  ram-the  raft. 

3.  Ovving-to-the  charge  for-the  crate,  the  agent  changed-the  order 

4.  The  judge  ordered-the  chief  to  catch-the  cheat  immediately. 

5.  Fred  drew- the  draft  for-the  order. 

6.  The  agent  changed-the  order  for-the  motor. 

7.  Joe  might  try  to  change-the  tire. 

8.  The  agent  immediately  charged-the  draft  to-the  judge. 

9.  The  calf  chewed-the  fruit. 

10.  The  raft  may  drift  to-the  ditch. 

*  Words  joined  by  a  hyphen  should  be  phrased  in  shorthand. 


LESSON  3 
THE  LONG  CHARACTERS 

14.  The  long  characters  are  double  the  length  of  the  medium 
characters. 

V  S          N          H          W         L          TH      THR 

vote         see         net         ha.t         we         lie        thigh    trough 
P         PR        Q  X  Y 

\  \  ;   v.   c 

pet       pray     quiet        extra.       yet 

NOTES:  V,  S,  N,  H,  W,  and  L  are  written  forward,  from  left  to  right: 
TH,  THR,  P,  PR,  Q,  X,  and  Y  are  written  dmvnward.  TH  is  pronounced 
ith.  THR  ((her)  and  PR  '  per)  are  blends  and  are  shaded. 

When  Z  begins  a  word,  it  may  be  distinguished  from  S  by  placing  a  short 
dash  above  the  stroke,  thus: 

so  Zoe 


The  heavy  sound  of  th  as  heard  in  "wrea///e"  may  be  distinguished 
from  the  light  sound  as  heard  in  "wreath"  by  placing  a  short  dash  beside 
the  stroke,  thus: 


wreath        ^—v  -  wreathe 

teeth  .-^..  teethe 


In  all  ordinary  cases  these  distinctions  may  be  disregarded. 

13 


14 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


Practice  as  previously  instructed  (paragraph  4). 

a,x^-  —  -     sa  ^  —     na  —       ha   r         wa  -^    la  ^^     tha~ 


pa 


pra 


\ 


qa. 


/ 


ya 


( 


..we. 


.the. 


thre..^N..r 


pre...rs...qe...x: 


I---X--PH--- 


xe.  .>> 
..wi-.^i, 
.  -xi-  -\^ 

•wo""  *: 


-prcr- 


-ya 


7 


"thu" 


vu  ,, 

IHfij" 


su 
"pu 


nu 
pfii 


'Hu 


yu 


/ 


Write  from  dictation: 


pra,  nu,  he,  wo,  li;      ve,  xa,  thro,  hu,  pi;    se,  tho,  sa,  thre,  qi; 
yo,  su,  wa,  thi,  pe;     no,  vu,  la,  qe,  xu:      ya,  vi,    lu,   tha,  po; 
xi,  we,  va,  yu,  the;    ni,  so,  thru,  pa,  le;    qo,  yi,  pre,  na,  pu; 
si,  lo,  xe,  pru,  qa;     xo,  ye,  hi,  vo,  qu;    ne,  pri,  wu,   thra,  ho; 
wi,  thu,  pro,  thri,  ha. 

Write  the  following  syllables: 

pet,  wed,  lot,  hid,  sod;      nod,  let,  hat,  truth,  pad; 
wet,  mix,  lad,  net,  nuj;      hej,  vat,  lej,  set,  lit. 

NOTE:  Remember  that  it  is  always  the  first  consonant  sign  in  an  out 
line  which  is  written  on  position  to  indicate  the  following  vowel. 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


15 


Practice  the  following  words: 

view      though 

say        ..^7T^.....  wait 

knee      „_ =....  letter 

i 

he          ....^71....  extreme*     ... 

we         ...—<<-..-  voter 

suit  next 


extra* 

quite** 

liquid** 

running 

rather 


.....  .).  ______ 


*  X  is  used  to  represent  the  initial  syllable  ex. 

**  For  convenience  of  joining,  T  and  D  may  be  written  upward  after  Q. 

15.  In  order  to  make  an  easier  joining,  W  and  L  are  slightly 
retraced  or  "jogged"  when  followed  by  F  or  V. 


16.  When  TH  cannot  be  conveniently  joined  finally,  the 
sound  of  th  is  expressed  by  a  slight  retrace  on  the  under  side  of 
the  sign.  The  alphabetic  TH  is  always  used  initially  (at  the 
beginning  of  a  sign).  This  form  of  TH  will  not  conflict  with 
the  phrasing  form  of  the.  See  paragraph  13. 


lath 
heath 
myth 
path 


lithe 
method 
Seth 
faith 


16 

weed           

ROWE   SHORTHAND 
REVIEW  EXERCISE 

<3.                  hiding      ....^/.  

knife 

thrift       ...T- 

x.    ..               wrath       —  r^7>v._ 

waiter 

text         .     / 

loath        -^,  

drive               / 

exit          .    V. 

s               ^L 

trained     /---- 

^-^S 

laid 

later        -     ' 

^                                        -^ 

leaflet      ^^.. 

heave            /^ 

1  —  7 

>  — 
-»^- 

lav 

have 

WORD-SIGNS 

equal               /...... 

arrange,           , 

satisfy, 

^—^         with                 ...^..... 

arranged  '  
-    had*                 f 

satisfied 
circumstance 

particular        _.  .. 

•    heard*             f 

success 

practice,               \ 
practiced,       

•    that*                 ^ 

succeed 

practical 

thought* 

necessity 

opportune, 

would*       

necessary 

opportunity   s----  . 
.  .  .-     ..  ....    appropriate 

word*         

*  These  word-signs  are  written  downward.    They  should  be  written  with 
a  slight  slant  only. 

NOTE:  When  a  word-sign  represents  two  or  more  words,  they  are  of 
such  a  nature  as  to  be  readily  distinguished  in  a  sentence. 


have  had 
had  he 
with  that 
with  which 
could  have 
could  not 

could  not  have 


:i 
-**\~ 


ROWE   SHORTHAND  17 

PHRASES 

do  not  he  would  not  .../f.,, 

do  not  know..     we  would        . <</.. 

do  not  have  .     we  would  not — <z^- 

to  do  so         ...p^..^,..  we  have  .*£.. 

he  had  ...if.. we  had  ^f--  — 

he  would       — /^)...  it  would          -/ 

he  would  have.-^yl^.  SO  that 


READING  EXERCISE 


Read  and  transcribe: 


Words 


'7 


Sentences 


18 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


WRITING  EXERCISE 


Words 


Write  in  shorthand: 


1  late 

2  side 

.?  witch 

4  neat 

5  height 

6  rain 

7  cutlet 

8  drove 


*  Note  that  the  "ed"  ending  is  pronounced  as  t. 


9 

safe 

17 

load 

10 

thief 

18 

fetched* 

11 

poached* 

19 

said 

12 

wage 

20 

through 

13 

sage 

21 

wider 

14 

weight 

22 

cedar 

15 

paid 

23 

head 

16 

catering 

24 

watched1 

Sentences 

1.  We-have  saved  that-letter,  though  we-do-not-know  if-we-have-the 
note  which-he  left  with-it. 

2.  We-have-had  no  opportunity  to  practice,  so  we-would   rather-not 
read  today. 

3.  He  may  arrange  for-the  extra  charge  for-the  suit  we-ordered  today. 

4.  We-heard  that  my  letter  to  Seth  would  satisfy  each  voter. 

5.  We-would  practice  at  each  opportunity  if-we-could  arrange  to  leave 
later  each  day. 

6.  To  succeed  we  need  to  practice  each  word  so-that  we-know-it. 

7.  We  quote  one  dollar  for  each  extra  knife. 

8.  We  need  to  arrange  that-letter  next. 

9.  That  method  might  succeed  though  we-have-heard  that  it-would-not 
satisfy-the  trade. 

\0.  They  made-the  path  one  foot  wide 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


19 


REVIEW  TEST 

1.  Write  all  the  characters  of  the  shorthand  alphabet  which  you  have 
thus  far  learned  on  each  of  the  vowel  positions. 

2.  After  what  characters  are  T  and  D  written  upward? 

3.  How  is  the  suffix  ing  expressed? 

4.  How  is  the  phrased?    What  other  use  is  made  of  the  retraced  TH? 

5.  Write  from  dictation  the  word-signs  you  have  learned  (pages  6,  10, 
and  16). 

6.  Review  the  phrases  on  pages  6,  11,  and  17. 
7    Write  in  shorthand: 


1  muttering 

2  theft 

3  fret 

4  hating 

5  satin 

6  kitchen 

7  lodge 


8  chaff 

9  lighten 

10  quit 

1 1  heading 

12  knitting 

13  motive 

14  sea 


15  wedge 

16  wit 

17  seat 

18  know 

19  living 

20  hive 

21  hitched 


LESSON  4 
THE  CIRCLE-S 

17.  In  addition  to  the  alphabetic  S,  the  sound  of  s  is  also 
represented  by  a  small  circle.     The  circle-s  is  not  an  alphabetic 
character,  and  therefore  it  is  never  written  on  position  to  indi- 
cate a  following  vowel. 

18.  The  circle  is  written: 

1.  On  the  inside  of  curves. 

2.  Forward,  in  the  direction  that  the  hands  of  a  clock  move, 
on  all  straight  strokes. 

3.  On  the  outside  of  angles. 

The  side  of  a  character  on  which  the  circle  is  written  is  called 
the  regular  side. 

Write  all  the  characters  thus  far  learned,  with  the  circle-.* 
joined  finally,  on  each  of  the  vowel  positions.  Pronounce  the 
combinations  thus: 

rS,s,  chas,  tas,  trSs,  jas,  das,  drSs,  mSs,  etc. 

'*^  <*  c/  o/  J  J tj  — o  ^- — 3  -^^  v 9  i,  &  ^ 3  *^_— -^ c>  r    ^^^ 

19.  The  circle-5  written  finally  (at  the  end  of  a  sign)  or  me- 
dially (in  the  middle  of  an  outline)  expresses  the  sound  of  s  or  2. 

20 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 
THE  CIRCLE-S  USED  FINALLY 


21 


chose 

—  jr— 

tries 

--</  

^-2> 

X> 

days           

J 

nhrasinfr*  .. 

^V 

vase 

sees 

has 

was 

wise 

excess 

yes 


these 

this 

those 

thus 

miss 

Texas 

less 


*  The  ing-dot  should  always  be  written  close  to  the  end  of  the  completed 
outline. 


THE  CIRCLE-S  USED  MEDIALLY 


puzzle 

lesson 

noses* 

chisel 

laces 


task 
desk 
cases* 

raises* 
faces* 


.....  <=<-<.-. 


sizes* 

reason 

excesses* 

season 

facile 


*  The  sound  of  5  following  circle-.?  is  expressed  by  alphabetic  S. 

20.  The  circle-5  is  used  initially  (at  the  beginning  of  a  sign) 
to  express  the  sound  of  s  only  when  followed  by  a  consonant- 
When  initial  s  is  followed  by  a  vowel,  the  alphabetic  S  must  be 
used. 


22 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


THE  CIRCLE-S  USED  INITIALLY 


scratch      ..._.  

spray 

suit*       

Smith        .           
snow         ...  ._.... 
snuff 

sweet                  c^ 

cider*     ...^^f  

Scotch 

/ 

sadden*  .^r~2L  — 

slight 

save*       

speed        ...!*>>>.... 

smattering       °~? 

savs*        .  .  -v  —  ?•  •  • 

*  In  these  words  alphabetic  S  is  used  because  the  initial  s  is  followed  by 
a  vowel. 

21.  The  suffixes  y  and  ly  following  a  circle  are  expressed  by 
slightly  extending  the  circle  across  the  stem  of  the  stroke. 

—  «                                ^ 

rosy                                                 Marpv                                           \Mtfv           ..    '   .     - 

dizzy        ./.  

crazy 

nicely        <;-- 
wisely            .  ..ft.  .  .  . 

cnirv         Cs~^ 

CO7V 

lazy               

Jessie         <f  

REVIEW  EXERCISE 

wives          _^~    a 

fussy        
chosen 

press             ^^b 

possess     .  .       

slaves        ....  

spaces 

missile      ..._z^'... 
hasten      

skate 

present      ..7^  —  7... 
express      .  .  .7t?^v.  . 
spot          ---o^- 
recent            ~^  —  7 

Mason               * 

Messrs  —  «„--. 
squeeze     .  .  .  *i.  

sudden 

massive           ** 

sketches    •---Q—i  

Joseph 

medicine  ....«**... 

as 

is,  his 

us 

ask,  asked 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 
WORD-SIGNS 


23 


receive,  received 

receipt 

Dear  Sir 


«4 


WORD-SIGN  DERIVATIVES 

The  circle-5  is  attached  to  a  word-sign  to  add  the  sound  of  s. 


characters,  once,  dollars,  changes,  charges,  judges,  churches, 
receipts,  asks,  receives,  satisfies,  particulars,  practices,  opportunities, 
equals,  words,  thoughts. 

PHRASES 

22.  The  circle-s  is  used  in  phrasing  to  add  is  and  us. 


which  is  not  .  .  with  us 


hewasnot./^ was  received 


24 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


READING  EXERCISE 

Read  and  transcribe: 

Wordi 

~7  s^rr^    °      ' 

Sentences 

-^t  ••  *v -x-- '--     /""  ~e^~J^ "•* 

^...^...o-.^y...^..*.. '"^y^ 

^   ~          '  ..  C,.   _^^'  '  (  •>» >  ^«^  N. 

'"%" 

Letter 

**  ^ 

•  •J~-°-J--^~*~~~f- 


Initials  may  be  written  with  small  longhand  letters 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 
WRITING  EXERCISE 

Write  in  shorthand: 

Words 

1  daisy  8  Swiss 

2  fetches  9  juicy 

3  praise  10  vessel 

4  space  11  leases 

5  raise  12  tracer 

6  treason  13  slide 

7  spider  14  sod 


25 


15  expose 

16  spade 

17  freezing 

18  dozen 

19  prices 

20  muscle 

21  sneezes 


Sentences 

1.  This  season  we-have  ordered  few  dresses. 

2.  The  reason  for  my  asking  such  prices  for  this  order  is  that-we-have- 
not  received-the  new  presses  as  yet. 

3.  If-he-is-not  satisfied  with-the  suit,  he  may  leave-it  with-us. 

4.  He-says  it-is-not-necessary  to  raise  the  price  for-the  Swiss  watches. 

5.  Judge  Rose  has-not  yet  received  my  recent  letter. 


Letter 

Dear-Sir: 

We-have  asked  Joseph  to  express  at-once  the  presses  which  we-ordered 
for  this  season  from-the  Texas  Company.  At-present  we-do-not  possess 
cases  for-the  sizes  ordered.  Joseph  says  that-he-does-not-have  these  cases. 
He  tells  us  that-we-may  receive  one  later  if-the  vessel  which-he-has  ordered 
is  hastened.  This  does-not  satisfy-us.  We-have  asked  Scott  to  trace  the 
matter  for-us.  (75  words) 


LESSON  5 
THE  LOOP-L 

23.  The  sound  of  I  is  added  finally  to  an  alphabetic  sign  by 
a  narrow  loop  extending  half  way  back  over  the  sign.  The 
loop-/  is  not  an  alphabetic  character  and  consequently  is  never 
written  on  position  to  indicate  a  following  vowel. 

Like  the  circle-s,  the  loop-/  is  written  on  the  regular  side  of 
strokes;  that  is,  inside  of  curved  strokes  and  forward,  in  the 
direction  that  the  hands  of  a  clock  move,  on  straight  strokes. 
See  paragraph  18. 


fail 

jail 

vile 

kneel 

snail 


24.  When  the  loop-/  is  followed  by  s,  the  circle  is  written 
around  the  stroke. 


1                                  ^-r*^ 

sales       .  . 

rivals 

>    _a__ 

feels     ....^fe  

hills            ^ 

swells 

spells    .  ^^ 

yells            V 

exiles 

pulse     

deals      ..    <r 

thrills 

""*k 

travels  .  .  .rT^?.... 

nr 

26 

ROWE   SHORTHAND  27 

25.  In  a  few  cases  the  loop-/  is  used  medially. 


valve       helm         ...^77. silence  ... 

solve  wealth        .  _-^rr\_.        velvet    .^ 


26.  The  alphabetic  L  is  always  used  after  the  short  charac 
ters  R,  CH,  T,  and  TR. 


tell          ts:.....         material  real 


till  — -^.. —         trials          i/Si....       rule 

chilling   ....'-tX~—          trail  literal 


27.  The  suffixes  y  and  /v  following  the  loop-/  are  expressed 
by  slightly  extending  the  loop  across  the  stem  of  the  stroke. 
See  paragraph  21. 


hilly          ....^.....        pulley        ..............       silly 

folly        -.-^  ......         fully  daily 


valley      jelly  o. wholly    v^?---- 

28.  The  loop-/  is  used  initially  to  express  the  prefix  al.  Pre- 
fixes are  not  written  with  reference  to  vowel  positions.  In  a 
word  in  which  a  prefix  occurs,  determine  the  first  sounded  vowel 
following  the  alphabetic  sign  to  which  the  prefix  is  attached 
and  write  the  sign  on  the  position  of  that  vowel.  Example: 
In  the  word  allude  the  vowel  u  follows  the  alphabetic  L  to  which 
the  loop  for  the  prefix  al  is  attached;  consequently  the  outline 
is  written  on  the  «-position. 


28 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


.   ,             . 

a/ways 

<^ 

allude        

"^S 

also             •••^^_^  

alcohol        ...^-/TT.. 
^ 

^\ 

allot          ----^f  

REVIEW  EXERCISE 

=chedule      ^  

d 

Tuly 

nostrils      ....    p^?  - 
child          ...\//'-.- 
paternal     — 

I 

allied           ....^7.  — 

chiefly         ...l-^  
knowledge  .  .  -^-^>  •  •  • 

WORD-SIGNS 

will  you 

deliver, 
-  delivered, 
delivery 

dwells         .../^..... 

village       .  .  .  >^=>  -  - 
Dolicv         ...,,  

railroad            -  -  -  -  

sequel         -•->  —  <7-- 

all          ...-^ 
will        -.-  -^ 

^T 

PHRASES 

29.  The  loop-/  is  used  in  phrasing  to  add  will. 

all  is        d all  the         £ we  will  have 

all  are      ^.....  he  will          ..../?f......  we  will  not 

all  will       ....#. he  will  not   ...^7....  they  will 

will  not  .  ...JT77...  we  will           S.....  that  will 


I 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


29 


READING  EXERCISE 


Read  and  transcribe: 


Words 


Letter 


30 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 
WRITING  EXERCISE 


Write  in  shorthand: 


Words 


1  heels 

2  tile 

3  holy 

4  well 

5  holes 

6  rails 


7  spills 

8  skill 

9  sells 

10  full 

11  finally 

12  pale 


13  toughly 

14  naval 

15  drills 

16  smiles 

17  frail 

18  veal 


Sentence* 

1.  We- will  deliver-the  spice  that  they  ordered  if -the  case  reaches  us  today. 

2.  The  judge  said  that-he-had-not  received-the  notice. 

3.  Fruit  jelly  sales  are  quite  slow  today. 

4.  We-do-not  always  quote  such  low  prices  for  mail  deliveries. 

5.  Fruit  sells  freely  to-the  wholesale  trade  although-the  prices  change 
daily. 

6.  Are-the  high  prices  at-present  charged  for  coal  necessary? 

7.  We-have-not  yet  received-the  receipt  for  which  we-asked. 

8.  Mail  deliveries  are  slow.    That-is  the  reason  my  letter  was-not  de- 
livered till  today. 

9.  He-was  quite  equal  to-the  task  which  fell  to-his  lot. 
10.  He-will-not  succeed  if-he  tries  to  cut  prices. 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


31 


REVIEW   TEST, 

1.  How  are  the  circle-.?  and  loop-/  written  on  straight  strokes?  on  curves? 

2.  When  is  circles  used  initially? 

3.  How  are  the  suffixes  y  and  ly  following  the  circle-*  and  loop-/  repre- 
sented? 

4.  After  what  characters  is  the  loop-/  not  used? 

5.  How  is  the  position  of  words  which  contain  a  prefix    determined? 
What  prefix  does  loop-/  express? 

6.  Write  from  dictation  the  word-signs  and  phrases  on  pages  6,  10,  11, 
16,  17.  23  and  28. 

7.  Write  in  shorthand: 


1  Mitchell 

2  fastened 

3  private 

4  maternal 

5  writer 

6  roughly 

7  exhale 

8  ceiling 

9  kills 

10  jute 

11  alleged 

12  matting 


13 

passage 

25 

are-not 

14 

safely 

26 

wholesale  prices* 

15 

privilege 

27 

with-this-letter 

16 

fragile 

28 

quote  prices* 

17 

ranges 

29 

daily  changes 

18 

patrons 

30 

it-is-not 

19 

neutral 

31 

it-was-necessary 

20 

civil 

32 

does-not-have 

21 

slow  deliveries* 

33 

might-have-the 

22 

we-have-made 

34 

trade-the 

23 

high  prices* 

35 

arrange-the  matter 

24 

he-will-not-have 

36 

may-have-the 

*  Do  not  phrase  the  outlines  for  these  words. 


LESSON  6 
THE  VOWEL  CHARACTERS 

30.  The  vowel  characters  are: 

A  E  I  O  U 

r  ^  J  \       '  ^ 

ale  elude          ice        omit        wnite 

NOTES:  E,  O,  and  U  are  always  written  downward;  A  and  I,  when  joined 
o  other  signs,  may  be  written  upward  or  doumward  according  to  convenience. 
The  vowel  characters  are  exactly  the  same  length  as  the  medium  char- 
acters learned  in  lesson  2. 

31.  The  vowel  signs  are  used: 

1.  To  express  initial  vowels. 

2.  To  express  final  vowels  in  words  of  more  than  one  syllable. 
NOTE:  The   vowel   characters   are   written   independently    of    position 

The  position  of  an  outline  is  always  determined  by  the  first  vowel  following 
the  first  consonant  sign  in  the  outline. 

VOWEL  SIGNS  USED  INITIALLY 

ax  ..s\...  oath 


amuse  ...../. 

avail  ac-ross    .  office 


afraid         T/ 

else        ~6  

odd          .  .  _  _X  

await 

either    ..  "*^ 

unit         .  .  S~  

ate*      .....(.  

evil        -.TV-^.... 

use          —  v_»  

add*     ..-..(..... 

easy      •       ^~ 

usual       _y^  

age*      .—/-..  ... 

ideal      /-  — 

usually    —  S-$-_-... 

*  A  is  slightly  louudeJ  at  the  bottom  in  order  to  make  an  easy  joining 
with  T,  D,  and  J. 

NOTE:  When  an  initial  vowel  is  the  only  sounded  vowel   in   a   word, 
write  the  vowel  character  on  the  line. 

32 


soda 
via 

Friday 
following 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 
VOWEL  SIGNS  USED  FINALLY 

idea  JC. issue 

mellow      — ^.....  motto 

widow       --^^-/- sofa 

value         -..T!>?.  settee 


33 


32.  In  the  preceding  lessons  only  the  long  and  short  sounds 
of  the  vowels  have  been  used.     There  are  other  sounds  of  the 
vowels,  however,  which  must  be  learned  and  used  in  the  writing 
of  shorthand.     All  sounds  of  a  given  vowel  are  expressed  by 
writing  a  character  on  the  position  of  that  vowel. 

The  diphthong*  au  is  assigned  to  the  c-position,  oi  to  the 
/-position,  and  ou  to  the  o-position,  as  shown  in  paragraph  33. 

*  A  diphthong  is  the  combined  sound  of  two  vowels;  as  oi  in  hoist. 

33.  The  complete  list  of  sounds  assigned  to  each  position 
is  as  follows: 


A-position 

a  as  in  cam 

a  as  in  came 

ah  as  in  calm 

au  as  in  cause 


O-position 

6  as  in  lot 

6  as  in  load 

ou  as  in  loud 


E-position 

6  as  in  met 
e  as  in  meat 


1-position 

\  as  in  fill 

1  as  in  file 

oi  as  in  foil 


U-position 

u  as  in  mud 
ii  as  in  mute 
66  as  in  nook 
oo  as  noon 


34  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

34.  The  au,  oi,  and  ou  sounds  of  the  a,  i,  and  o  positions  are 
distinguished  from  the  other  sounds  of  these  positions  by  placing 
a  light  dot  beside  the  sign  written  on  position. 

law  loyal      . . .    .?? 

calls  coils       ....^y. 

cause  "rrf soil        ---^^ 

walls  ...~^......  alloy 

laud  royal 


NOTE:  The  diphthong  dot  may  usually  be  written  on  either  side  of  the 
sign.  In  the  case  of  outlines  with  a  final  circle  or  loop,  however,  the  dot 
should  be  placed  on  the  same  side  as  the  circle  or  loop  to  avoid  reading 
it  for  the  ing-dot. 

Write  from  dictation: 

toy,   raw,   cow,   Troy,   joy;     vow,  gnaw,  now,  prow,  paw;    rouse, 
choice,    pause,    poise,   slaughter;      crawls,    house,   howls,   drowns. 

35.  By  placing  a.  light  dot  beside  A,  the  sound  of  au  is  ex- 
pressed.    Similarly,  a  dot  placed  beside  I  expresses  oi,  and  a 
dot  beside  O  expresses  ou. 

awe        /TI oil          <$J, owl  A> 

aught     jf. out         ....^ ounce        ...^ — D... 

author  ....2^....          outfit     ....^^....          outer         ....^ 

36.  The  suffixes  y,  ty,  and  dy  following  an  alphabetic  char- 
acter are  expressed  by  the  sign  for  I.    Compare  paragraphs 
21  and  27. 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


35 


rainy     ...TTTT..... 

lady 

almighty    ...       

city          ^_^-4--- 

needy 

*^y 
tidy               ../... 

woody   -          ... 

ready 

J 

rtitv                ^^ 

5  
mi?h/v 

treaty               / 

utility                   S^ 

REVIEW  EXERCISE 

agile                    i 

usage                V« 

poisonous         .  \: 

throughout  

drawer               ^ 

withdrawn        .  __^t  —  - 

powder 

payee                ^~^> 

without                _^^) 

X 

outlet           ...,^/f... 

easel              ~~y^ 

allowed 

caught          ^  

vowels            ^_Jt, 

mouth 

maturity      7J.  

hauls 

acute 

officers         ...X—  «.---- 

naughty             ~3 

United  States       ^ 

icy                 ...qr... 

Toledo              ^f 

(U.  S.) 
a,  an,  and  .  .   / 

WORD-SIGNS 
I* 

of,  off         ....> 

\  you,  your 

on.  own 

on'v 

*  The  word-sign  for  7  is  always  written  downward  and  through  the  line. 


36 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 
PHRASES 


each  of  ____  U-  ____ 

eachofhis,us  .....  ts;--- 

each  of  which  .....  u.  ...     and  we 

s 

on  it  -----  s- 

all  of  .....  t^\ 

all  of  his,  us  ----  d 

have  a,  an  ..  ~-rrr 


had  a,  an    ...if. and  the* 

and  he         K".--     how  is 

y 

how  will 


and  they      I  will  -B/- 

and  that      ' you  will 

and  this       — .4r^..  out  of  --^- 

and  a,  an*    — £- yours  truly  ---  -S° 


*  In  the  phrase  and  a,  both  characters  are  written  upward;  in  and  the' 
id  K  written  downward. 

1,  WE,  and  YOU  Phrases 


^.^J...^f.... 
'     *• — •      (    f 


1.  J  have,  1  have  not,  I  will,  I  will  not,  I  could,  I  could  have,  I  do,  I 
do  not,  I  would,  I  would  have,  I  had  not. 

2.  We  have,  we  have  not,  we  will,  we  will  not,  we  could,  we  could  have, 
we  do,  we  do  not,  we  would,  we  would  have,  we  had  not. 

3.  You  have,  you  have  not,  you  will,  you  will  not,  you  could,  you  could 
have,  you  do,  you  do  not,  you  would,  you  would  have,  you  had  not. 


RO\VK    SHORTHAND 


37 


READING  EXERCISE 
Letter 


N"OTE: 

New  York  is 

written  NY. 

WRITING  EXERCISE 

Words 

1 

choices 

8     vouch 

15 

noisy 

2 
3 

prow! 
saw 

9    small 
10    loiter 

16. 

17 

fraught 
amaze 

4 
5 
6 

7 

evade 
proud 
pauses 
voices 

1  1     taught 
12    drowsy 
13    withdraw 
14    sprout 

IS 
19 
20 
21 

spoils 
output 
witty 
false 

Letter 

Lloyd  Wolf, 

Toledo. 
Dear-Sir: 

We-received  your-letter-of  May  24  on  Friday. 

We- will  ask -you  to-follow-the  usual  practice  of- the  house  on  such 
changes  as  are  necessary  to-meet-the  ideas  of  Messrs.  Reeves  &  Joyce  of 
Oil  City.  All-of-us  know  that  small  odd  sizes  are-not  easy  to  sell,  and-we 
ought  always  to  avoid  changes  that  do-not  add  real  value. 

Will  this  company  sell  the  small  cases  to-the  trade?  We-do-not  yet 
know  how  much  extra  we-will-have  to  charge.  We-could  deliver-the  cases 
on  fifteen  days'  notice  if  they  order  now. 

We  now  await-the  receipt-of-your  next  letter. 

Yours-truly,  (115  words) 


452182 


LESSON  7 
THE  SPACE  CHARACTERS 

37.  The  space  characters  are  so  called  because  they  cover  or 
enclose  space. 

B          BR        G        GR       SH      SIIR      WH        ST        STR 
^7<7C/c/<CC^OO 
6ale        brovf      go       gray      ship     shrill    while     steel      stream 

NOTES:  G  is  called  gay.  It  represents  only  the  "hard  "  sound  of  g  as  heard 
in  go,  gear,  etc.  The  "soft"  sound  of  g  as  heard  in  general,  page,  etc.,  is 
always  represented  by  J.  The  shading  of  any  part  of  the  blends  BR, 
GR,  SHR,  and  STR  is  sufficient  to  distinguish  them  from  the  corresponding 
light  signs. 

When  joined  to  other  strokes,  ST  and  STR  are  written  on  the  regular 
side  of  strokes.  See  paragraph  18. 

Practice  the  writing  of  the  space  characters  on  the  several 
vowel  positions: 

ba  n  bra  /?  ga    ^  gra  ^-/  sha  ^    shra  C    wha  O    sta  O    stra  O 
ba./^..brc..<?..ge...Cr'..gre..C/.she..C..shre,..C..\vhe..D...ste.(3...stre..Q. 
bi-y9-  bri--/9--gi--£y  -gri-  ^-shi-  d---shrt-C  —  whi  -D    sti  O     stri  0 
bo'V?  "bTG"s2'"go"O  "gro"4;"sho'c 


bu  s?   bra  s?    gu  (_;  gru  (^  shu  c    sriru  ^£   whu  "3    stu  i  o   strii  "Q 

Write  from  dictation: 

shra,  be,  go,  sta,  bi;       stre,  ga,  bu,  she,  wha;        sho,  gra,  gra, 
stri,  ge;        shi,  sto,  gi,  stu,  bo;        bre,  gro,  bri,  sha,  whe;      sti, 
bra,  gre,  sto,  stra;     shu,  bro,  stra,  ste,  ba;     stro,  gri,  bra,  whi,  bi. 
38 


ROWE   SHORTHAND  39 

Practice  the  following  words: 


be  grow         ^ stop 

by  ....n she  c agree 

brief       n^*....          shoe usher 

c 

go  —-a why  .-> strange 

ago         ---^o fast  store 


38.  The  circle-s  and  loop-/  are  written  on  the  inside  of  space 
characters. 

buys  — /£?-  especially  — .;>>._.  feasts***  ...^T3 

basis  ......— —  while  — -^ east  — ^ 

bale  straw*  Mr.  -Q  — 

balance  —  last  ...„ posts  —  -  v- 


goals       '<#-"  ceased  ---^ — &---  vests 

62— 

gallon      amused**  £•- -  -  postal 

shell        <° phrased**  dusty**** 

special     ..r!^> —  lists***  ..../??-...  modesty**** 


*  The  dot  for  the  indication  of  the  diphthongs  au,  oi,  and  ou  is  placed 
within  the  space  characters. 

**  ST  is  used  finally  to  represent  the  sound  of  zd  as  well  as  st. 

***  A  circle  following  ST  and  STR  is  written  around  the   stroke. 

****  The  suffixes  y  and  ly  following  ST  are  expressed  as  explained  in 
paragraph  21. 


40 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


39.  B  is  used  to  express  either  b  or  p  after  R,  CH,  T,  D,  J, 
F,  V,  Q,  B,  and  G. 

NOTES:  B  and  p  are  cognate  sounds;  that  is,  they  are  similarly  pro- 
nounced, b  being  a  voiced  (stressed)  sound  and  p  its  corresponding  whis- 
pered (unstressed)  sound.  When  p  begins  a  word  the  alphabetic  P  is 
always  used. 

A  shaded  character  is  subject  to  the  same  rules  of  joining  as  its  corre- 
sponding light  sign;  therefore,  the  above  rule  applies  also  to  TR,  DR,  FR, 
BR,  and  GR 

Practice  the  following  combinations  on  each  of  the  vowel 
positions.  Become  thoroughly  familiar  with  the  strokes  after 
which  B  is  used  to  express  b  or  p. 


h 


h 


rab      chab 
rap      chap 


tab 
tap 


dab 
dap 


jab 

jap 


fab 
fap 


vab 
vap 


qab 
qap 


bab       gab 
bap       gap 


Practice  the  following  words: 


•— V?— • 


rope 
rub 

cheap  K>. . . 

trip  f?--- 

type  ...yj.... 


typewriter  — /p — 

tubs  

deep  /4... 

job 

fiber 


vapor     

equip*    - 

bribe  — ^77---- 
baby**  ...„(%... 
grapes  


*  K  is  joined  initially  to  Q  without  an  angle. 


'*  The  vowel  character  for  I  to  represent  the  suffix  y  (see  paragraph  33) 
is  joined  to  B  without  an  angle. 


ROWt    SHORTHAND  41 

Write  from  dictation: 

grip,  tub,  gap  dip,  jab;  grape,  rip,  drop,  fib,  troop;  reap, 
chop,  grab,  drip,  viper;  tab,  grub,  trap,  top,  rap;  drab,  tip, 
fop,  dab,  bib. 

40.  B  is  turned  as  a  hook  on  the  upper  side  of  M,  K,  N,  S, 
H,  L,  W,  P,  and  X  to  express  either  b  or  p. 

NOTE:  KR  and  PR  are  subject  to  the  same  rules  of  writing  as  K  and  P. 
Practice  these  combinations  on  the  vowel  positions. 


mab      kab       nab        sab        hab        lab        wab     pab        xab 
map      kap       nap        sap        hap        lap        wap     pap        xap 

Practice  the  following;  words: 


map         

elapse 

weep            / 

keep         :s_^>  

sweep      .  .  .  a^s 

up**             V^ 

cabinet    

*       «-^ 
snappy     . 

open**          \j  

snub 

V 

Daoer       

shape**           G 

soap          .-.^^-f.... 

happy*    ...^T.  

ship**       &.... 

hope         ... 

copy*       —  .  ^..... 

whip**     .....a.... 

*  When  more  convenient,  the  vowel  character  1  representing  the  suffix 
y  may  be  written  upward. 

**  The  B-P  hook  is  written  within  SH  and  WH  and  joined  to  the  vowel 
characters  O  and  U  on  the  upper  side. 


42  ROWE    SHORTHAND 

Write  from  dictation: 

wipe,  sap,  scope,  leap,  slip;  scab,  hip,  pipe,  crab,  probe;  creep, 
sleep,  slap,  lip,  scoop;  cab,  web,  peep,  snap,  soup;  cape,  nap, 
knob,  cope,  lap;  pope,  scrape,  heap,  nub,  crib,  lobe. 

41.  G  is  used  to  express  either  g  or  k  after  R,  B,  and  G. 
NOTES:  G  and  k,  like  b  and  p,  are  cognate  sounds. 
The  above  rule  applies  also  to  the  blends  BR  and  GR. 

Practice  these  combinations  on  the  vowel  positions. 


rag  bag  gag 

rak  bak  gak 

Practice  the  following  words: 

rogue     bake      bags 

o 

i  ^9  u        i  <V  (-JJ 

rakes      r: break     gag         

wrecks   ....>>,. broke    — ^ grog       ---,-,,- 

O?  *\*S  C-o' 

Write  from  dictation: 

beg,  brig,  rake,  beak,  rag,  bug;        rock,  big,  brag,  brick,  bag,  reek. 

42.  G  is  turned  as  a  hook  on  the  n'g&/  side  of  CH,  T,  D,  and 
J,  and  on  the  «m/er  side  of  all  other  characters  to  express  either 
gor  k. 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


43 


Practice  these  combinations  on  the  vowel  positions: 

chag  tag  dag  jag  fag  mag   sag       vag    nag        hag     lag     wag  thag   pag    qag     xag    yag 
chak  tak  dak  jak  fak  mak  sak       vak    nak        hak    lak      wak  thak   pak     qak     xak    yak 

Practice  the  following  words: 

^^ 

check     .U pack         week       */:._. 

take       neck         ------ — ^--  weekly    ..^/?... 

trick      £. quick       .). —  thick      ..rr^... 

dig        /. quickly    -/- yoke 

^  C 

jog        , foggy       -----  oak*       ^ 

U  <- 

evoke    ..r^^^^^....  figure       — ^ shake*   -I.. 

wrong   ..--x-. ------  make       ache*     £_ 

like        ...^> seek         ---^= — ^--  egg*       _~A>..  ._ 

likely     ...-/f&---  lack          logs 


*  The  G-K  hook  is  written  on  the  under  side  of  SH  and  WH  and  the 
vowel  characters. 

Write  from  dictation: 

slack,  leg,  suck,  fag,  jig;  truck,  tag,  chick,  meek,  nick;  walk, 
sick,  snag,  tick,  dog;  drag,  sag,  fog,  drug,  vogue;  knock, 
shook,  weak,  wig,  thug;  poke,  prick,  swag,  sprig,  shook; 
choke,  track,  frog,  sneak,  hog;  lake,  slick,  smug,  jack,  mock; 
pig,  quack,  coot,  fake,  sake;  tug,  snug,  wag. 


44 


ROVVE   SHORTHAND 
REVIEW  EXERCISE 


.                               < 

almost     —  ^..  —  - 

magnet                ...1777.... 

Jackson  —  —  '-  — 

steady                       o  

CIlCTCPPSt 

chicken        —  ^  —  --- 

stocks          ---<£j>  — 
mechanism  ..^>_--^- 

unique     ---^  ;>-- 

f.  o.  b.                  ---^-v^-  — 
yesterday                   fc  

business       ---^U-T,--- 

busy        ^?  
develop   —  «ro... 

esteemed              ...I2t7-  — 
ashes                     Xe>.  

silk                  -^-^-- 

proper                           

breathing     —  rL^..  . 

XJs 

Au<rust 

briefly          —  <^°  — 

millt                             ^>  

escape 

stmtr             •••  ^j-~-~^  — 

WORU-SIGNJ 

object 

wished 

* 

subject               

hphalf 

n^ 

b) 

request              ex.... 

sT^~~- 

\ 

requisite           cr.  

give,  given 

-•-•&  

who                  

iravp 

o 

ROYVE    SHORTHAND 


45 


43.  In  phrasing,  be  is  joined  to  -will  by  a  hook  written  after 
the  loop-/. 

will  be  — (f?. —    we  will  be      •£?...    by  us  x-j 


shall  be 


we  gave  the ^.....    to  be 


will  you  be  — v?---    subject  of      — must  be 

2*                                  K 
he  will  be      — f. —  -   take  it          — 7. could  be 


"77 
.„,,. 


they  will  be  ..........    to  go 

you  will  be   .....  fe-  --   makeup 

I  will  be        —  -^  .....    take  up 


whether  or  not 
we  trust  that 


...^^\.. 


Yours  respectfully. 


READING  EXERCISE 

Read  and  transcribe: 

Words 


Sentences 


46 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 
Letter 


^cr.  \  *  /      .S.  .  5*. 


WRITING  EXERCISE 


Write  in  shorthand: 


1  obeys 

2  sash 

3  slips 

4  west 

5  study 

6  specific 

7  chalk 

8  postofiice 


Words 

9  strings 

10  weakening 

11  spikes 

12  smoke 

13  likewise 

14  steam 

15  scrap 

16  misty 


17  utmost 

18  fabric 

19  Pacific 

20  ethics 

21  push 

22  noticed 

23  rusty 

24  shoals 


ROWE   SHORTHAND  47 

Write  the  following  letters  in  shorthand : 

Mr.  R.  F.  Gross, 
Jacksonville. 

Dear-Sir: 

We  shall  show  a  full  stock-of  soaps  and  powders  at-the  Business  Show 
next  week.  We  hope  that  you-will  take-the  opportunity  to-look-the  agent 
up. 

We-use  only  the  best  materials  for  making  soaps  and  do-not  buy  cheap 
stock.  We-make  quick  deliveries  and  pay  freight  charges.  Give-us  a 
trial  order. 

Yours-truly,  (60  words) 

Mr.  J.  W.  Drake, 
Wheeling. 

Dear-Sir: 

We-have  just-received  your-letter-of  July  10.  We-have  no  agent  at- 
present  at  Wheeling.  A  copy-of-the  fall  catalog  will  reach  you  with-this- 
letter.  We-have  also  put  you  on-the  list  to-receive  sketches-of-the  new 
music  cabinet  we-will  put  on  sale  August  15. 

Look-the  catalog  through.  Read  page  14  and  note-the  special  prices 
we-make  to  jobbers.  Why-not  give-us  an  order  for-a  cabinet  now? 

Yours-respectfully,     (82  words) 


LESSON  8 
THE  DIMINISHING  PRINCIPLE 

44.  B  is  diminished  to  express  the  blends  bl  and  pi. 


bla         ble        bli       bio        blu 
pla         pie        pli      plo        plu 

45.  BL-PL  is  joined  both  initially  and  finally  to  R,  CH,  T, 
D,  J,  F,  V,  Q,  B,  and  G.  Note  that  these  are  the  same  char- 
acters after  which  B  is  used  to  express  either  b  or  p.  See  para- 
graph 39.  When  written  initially  BL-PL  is  placed  on  position 
to  indicate  a  following  vowel. 

NOTE:  Read  again  the  second  note  under  paragraph  39. 

Practice  the  following  combinations  on  the  vowel  positions. 

INITIALLY 

^  17/1      /*-~>       " N       ""2      & 

blar     blach     blat    blad     blaj     blaf     blav     blab     blag 
plar     plach     plat     plad     plaj     plaf     plav     plab     plag 

NOTE:  BL-PL  is  joined  initially  to  CH,  J,  T,  and  D  without  an  angle. 
FINALLY 

^  VJ  fj  k  V)         ^-V>        *- V7  rtj  6" 

rabl      chabl    tabl  dabl    jabl    fabl      vabl         babl     gabl 
rapl      chapl    tapl  dapl    japl    fapl      vapl         bapl     gapl 

plural    ../....        belief        .../7^r> tables 


bleach   t\. believe      ..<z<rr>...      bible  /!•-•• 

"7  i 

plate  plague      — T.. miserable     ...__«^(. ... 

blade         ..../ —         double      miserably* *... 

h 

*Join  the  I  (for  the  y  ending)  to  BL-PL  without  an  angle. 

48 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


49 


Write  from  dictation: 

play,  blue,  plea,  blow,  plow;  blare,  plight,  plead,  played,  pleat, 
plot,  blear,  blot,  rabble,  fable;  topple,  chapel,  triple,  dabble, 
gobble;  gable,  babel,  dribble. 

46.  BL-PL  is  turned  as  a  small  hook,  initially  and  finally,  on 
the  upper  side  of  M,  K,  N,  S,  H,  L,  W,  P,  and  X.  These  are  the 
same  characters  as  those  given  in  paragraph  40.  The  large 
hook  to  express  B-P,  however,  is  written  finally  only. 

Practice  these  combinations  on  the  vowel  positions. 

INITIALLY 


blam      blak        blan        bias 
plam      plak        plan        plas 

NOTE:  BL-PL  does  not  occur  before  H,  L,  W,  and  P. 
FINALLY 

mabl    kabl    nabl    sabl    habl    labl    wabl    pabl 
mapl    kapl     napl     sapl     hapl     lapl    wapl    papl 

plans  _..?.. 7?....  blouse  ...^^^...  people 

explain  split  ^ cripple 

please  ..^ — *? —  maple  ....77! black 

blunt  cable  ^f! blame 

blend  ...<= — -,..  couple  capable* 

blank  labels  ,..-^..._  reasonable 

bloom  liability  ,..^S.....  noble 

*  BL-PL  is  written  within  the  B-P  hook. 


50  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

Write  from  dictation: 

bleak,  plume,  plain,  pluck,  bless;        hobble,  blown,  nibble,  liable, 
pebble;        papal,  pupil,  sable. 

47.  G  is  diminished  to  express  the  blends  gl  and  kl. 


gla        gle          gli        glo     glu 
kla       kle          kli        klo     klu 

48.  GL-KL  is  joined  initially  and  finally  to  R,  CH,  T,  D,  J, 
B,  and  G.  When  joined  initially  GL-KL  is  written  on  position 
to  indicate  a  following  vowel. 

INITIALLY 


glar    glach    glat    glad    glaj  glab  glag 

klar    klach    klat    klad    klaj  klab  klag 

FINALLY 

-t          t         t,      t       \       *2  <*f 


ragl    chagl     tagl    dagl    jagl    bagl    gagl 
rakl    chakl    takl    dakl    jakl    bakl    gakl 

NOTE:  GL-KL  is  joined  finally  to  CH,  J,  T.  and  D  without  an  angle, 
clear      ....c^ regal        -.--~v giggle       f^ 

gladly  %~...          trickles    ^ joggle      „ . 

L 

club       bugle  medical    ....—7 

</?  f2  * 

Write  from  dictation: 

clay,  glee,  clue,  glow;       glare,  glade,  clad,  chuckle,  glide;        glut, 
tackle,  juggle,  tickle,  truckle,  beagle,  clod. 


ROWE   SHORTHAND  51 

49.  GL-KL  is  turned  as  a  hook  initially  and  finally  on  the 
under  side  of  all  other  characters. 


INITIALLY 


glaf        glam        glan        glak        glas        glav        glath 
klaf        klam        klan        klak        klas        klav        klath 

FINALLY 


fagl    magi       nagl  kagl  sagl  vagi       lagl        hagl 

fakl    makl       nakl  kakl  sakl  vakl       lakl        hakl 

gleam           ^_ client  ...c^^-7....        smuggle  

claim  class     ^TT^.. .        legal       S~- 

exclaim  gloves  crackle   — ^T?--.. 

clumsy   __  clause   local       -^-- 

cr~6  jS"^ 

clean       ...,, cloth                            nickel      3- 


Write  from  dictation: 

cliff,  climb,  frugal,  glean,  clam;        cackle,  cycle,  haggle,  knuckle, 
gloom;        clan,  clock,  close,  cleave,  fickle. 

50.  The  loop-/  is  diminished  to  express  the  blend  fl.  Un- 
like the  loop-/,  however,  FL  w  written  on  position,  when  occur- 
ring initially,  to  indicate  a  following  vowel.  FL  is  always  written 
on  the  regular  side  of  strokes. 

-'• * - » ?•• 

fla         fle         Si         So         flu 


52 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


flv               *  ... 

flax               V^ 

flannel     "V.Tl... 

flow                

flexible          % 

flag 

floor             ....... 

flame             '"T.. 

fis^h    .....(r.  

fleece     -.-^»  —  s'--.- 

mufBe 

flush 

Write  from  dictation: 

flare,  flood,  flake,  flail,  flight,  flog,  flesh,  shuffle. 


REVIEW  EXERCISE 


^^ 

radical        -/•  —  -  • 

obliee           --  .Vji  

available            

feasible        *?&*-.. 

able                   h 

ability                 4 

peculiar       --^X-  — 

cr" 
typical        /£-  — 

noticeable   .  .  

receivable  -  —  rv.  .  .t»7. 

problem 

navable        

fallible          ........ 

suoolv                  ,.J— 

*  Write  as  "probly,"  omitting  one  b. 


R<JWE    SHORTHAND 


53 


51.  When  ing  is  followed  by  the,  ing-the  is  expressed  by  a 
small  horizontal  tick  written  in  place  of  the  ing-dot.  Sim- 
ilarly, ing-a  or  an  is  expressed  by  a  small  vertical  tick  written 
in  place  of  the  ing-dot.  Ing-us  is  expressed  by  writing  the 
circle-.?  in  place  of  the  ing-dot. 


54  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

WRITING  EXERCISE 
Sentences 

1.  Please-give  me  a  listof-the  bills  receivable  and-the  bills  payable 

2.  We-must-have-the  best  supplies  available. 

3.  By  reason-of-the  technical  character-of-the  case,  the  plaintiff  plans 
to- have  capable  witnesses  at-the  trial. 

4.  Bleached  flannel  is  now  selling  at  probably  the  highest  prices  it-has 
yet  reached. 

5.  We-have  placed-an  order  for-a  few  labels  to-be  used  on-the  gloves. 

6.  We-will  sell  this  grape  juice  to  grocers  at  $2.00  a  gallon  net  cash 
f.  o.  b.  Boston. 

7.  The  "Making  of-a  Typewriter"  is-a  most  valuable  book. 

8.  Your-checks  will-be-made  out  weekly  just-as  the  new  ruling  of-the 
paymaster  calls  for. 

9.  I-have-had  my  people  look  through  your  claim,  and  I-do-not-believe 
it-is  a  legal  one. 

10.  The  catalog  showing-the  paper  which-we-make  from  this  new  fiber 
will-be  delivered  today. 


Letter 

Mr.  C.  W.  Glass, 

Claim  Agent,  Eastern  Railroad, 
Rochester,  N.  Y. 

Dear-Sir: 

We  wish  to  place  a  claim  with-you  for  one  dozen  tables  of-the  value-of 
$28.00  each.  Your  company  tried  to  deliver  these  tables  to  Mr.  R.  V. 
Cable  at  Clinton,  N.  Y.,  on  July  15.  We-have-the  receipt  which  you  issued 
to-us.  We-have-had  much  trouble  to  fill  out-the  papers  which  your  agent 
gave-us.  From  these  papers  you-will  notice  that  your  agent  believes  that 
your  company  most  pay  for-the  broken  tables.  Please  look-through  these 
papers  this  week  if-possible. 

Yours-respectfully,  (95  words) 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


55 


REVIEW  TEST 

1.  Write  the  space  characters  on  the  vowel  positions.     Name  and  write 
the  vowel  characters. 

2.  Name  the  diphthongs  and  the  positions  to  which  they  are  assigned. 
How  are  diphthong  sounds  indicated? 

3.  What  suffixes  are  expressed  by  I?    How  is  the  suffix  y  following  ST 
expressed? 

4.  When  is  alphabetic  B  used  to  express  either  b  or  p?    Explain  the  use 
of  the  B-P  hook. 

5.  When  is  alphabetic  G  used  to  express  g  or  k?    After  what  characters 
is  the  G-K  hook  used? 

6.  To  what  characters  is  BL-PL  joined  as  a  hook?    Before  and  after 
what  characters  does  it  retain  its  alphabetic  form? 

7.  What  does  diminished  G  express?    Explain  the  use  of  the  alphabetic 
form  and  the  hook  form  of  GL-KL. 

8.  What  does  diminished  loop-/  express? 

9.  Write  from  dictation  the  word-signs  and  phrases  on  pages  35,  36, 
44,  45,  and  53. 

10.  Write  in  shorthand: 


poised 
flaky 
cluster 
beg 

5  knocks 

6  spaced 

7  bluster 

8  Plato 

9  splendor 

10  flunk 

11  staged 

12  rusty 

13  moist 

14  feeble 

15  vocal 


16  hasty 

17  honest* 

18  adding 

19  sneezed 

20  tackled 

21  boys 

22  breathe 

23  calendar 

24  chances 

25  clasp 

26  climax 

27  systematic 

28  triumph 

29  crowd 

30  custom 


31  drugs 

32  elude 

33  height 

34  plausible 

35  topic 

36  profitable 

37  saving-a 

38  knack 

39  mutual 

40  rigid 

41  spasm 

42  render 

43  water 

44  blotch 

45  packing-the 


*  H  is  silent. 


LESSON  9 
THE  SHADING  PRINCIPLE 

52.  R  following  any  character,  consonant  or  vowel,  is  ex- 
pressed by  shading  the  sign.  Review  all  the  r-combinations 
(blends)  given  under  paragraphs  2,  10,  14,  and  37. 

NOTE:  It  is  only  in  the  case  of  the  r-combinations  that  the  r  blends  with 
the  preceding  consonant  sound.  The  vowel  which  is  indicated  by  writing 
an  r-combination  on  position  is  always  read  after  the  blend.  Examples:  tray, 
thread,  break.  In  the  case  of  other  consonant  sounds  with  which  r  does  not 
blend,  the  vowel  is  read  after  the  character  written  on  position  and  before 
the  r  which  is  added  by  shading.  Examples:  mar,  near,  jar. 


*  The  loop-/  is  shaded  to  indicate  a  following  r,  thus  forming  the  final 
syllable  Ir. 

**  Shaded  A  is  always  written  downward. 

53.  F,  K,  P,  and  TH  are  shaded  at  their  extreme  ends  to 

56 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


57 


add  r.      The  resulting   syllables  are   thus  distinguished  from 
the  r-combinations  FR,  KR,  PR,  and  THR. 


fray 

fair 

fur 

pray 

pair 


power 

spare 

sparkle 

thrill 

there 


N 


therefore  . 
security    _• 
prayer*     . 
prior* 
purer* 


N 


^ 


*  Alphabetic  R,  struck  backward,  is  used  to  represent  an  r  following  a 
shaded  P. 

54.  Retraced  TH  (see  paragraph  16)  is  shaded  to  add  r. 

other    ...^. mother   weather    ..._^x._ 

leather  ..  *^_ ..  hither     ...^r.....         wither      ._;< 

father  .  smother neither     .... 

<=*T 

55.  The  prefix  re  is  expressed  by  R  shaded.    Remember 
that  prefixes  are  not  written  with  reference  to  position.     Study 

•  paragraph  28  again. 


rebel 

.._.v#_....     retail 

reserve    v^—  -""'  —  s 

refuse 

repeat*        ^> 

^-            "O                                                                                                  ^^v 

V 

recall* 

rpmartnKlf* 

'-^ 
.,  ....     rerniit*  .- 

*  The  prefix  re  is  disjoined  before  K,  S,  and  P.     Write  the  shaded  R 
close  to  the  beginning  of  the  following  stroke. 


58  ROWE    SHORTHAND 

56.  The  suffixes  ry,  try,  and  dry  are  expressed  by  I  shaded 
flattery  ...    f 


weary    . 

dairy     J..... 

dreary   / 


glory 
tarry 


carry 
worry 
sorry 


57.  The  suffix  ward  is  expressed  by  W  written  downward 
and  shaded. 


outward 
southward 

average 

charm 

verbal 

vertical 

various 

purchased 

merry 

picture 

error 


forward 
awkward 


backward  -—j/-  — 
onward       v 


REVIEW  EXERCISE 

pleasure      . .  .c ^         New  Jersey 

herewith     . .  ^TI.  . . .         together 


circular 


honorable 


\^ 
parcels       - nourishing 


marvelous J*-  -  furthermore 

story          — -q several 

exercise      -  ^>~e_^..  majority 

misery        -f-  -•  regular  -^-- 

current       -  -^-^^,--  irregular  ---&•• 

PHRASING 

58.  The  shading  principle  is  used  in  phrasing  to  add  are. 

we  are    •• —  they  are  

you  are  ~* that  are J 


after        .    _(. 
address    £. 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 

WORD-SIGNS 
satisfactory   . .  .^7^ . . . 
ever,  every    . . .  .T> 

READING  EXERCISE 
Words 


59 


\ 


however 


Letter 


"-^•..T0..//^. 


\...^^..N. 


V 

*  Ohio. 


Article 


9 


' 


60 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


1  affairs 

2  externally 

3  party 

4  collars 

5  feature 

6  refreshing 

7  avert 

8  narrow 

9  clever 


WRITING  EXERCISE 
Words 

10  furniture 

1 1  careful* 

12  revert 

13  search 

14  grower 

15  courtesy 

16  muscular 

1 7  partially 

18  earth 


1°  northward 

20  passenger 

21  personal 
2 1  portable 

23  purple 

24  query 

25  serviceable 

26  sources 

27  voucher 


*  Use  the  FL  loop  forful. 


Letter 


Mi.  Seth  Palmer, 
Steelton. 

Dear-Sir: 

We-are-able  to-make  still  lower  prices  on  future  orders-of  choice 
grape  juice.  On  and-after  August  14  our  new  price-list,  a  copy-of-which 
you-have  probably  received,  will-be  used  as-a  basis  for  figuring  bills.  You 
are  of-course  thoroughly  familiar  with-the  high  character-of  our  grape 
juice.  We-use-only  the  purest  fruit  we-are-able  to  buy.  We  hope  that 
you-will-be  able  to  give-us  more  orders  for  early  delivery. 


Yours-truly 


(85  words) 


Article 


The  idea  back-of  modern  business  is  service.  Those-who  seek  merely 
to-make  profit  have-not  caught-the  spirit  of-the  new  ideal.  It-has  taken 
ages  to  develop-the  thought  that  business  is  after  all  service.  It-is  just-as 
necessary  and  honorable  as  the  service  which-the  doctor  or-the  lawyer  ren- 
ders. We-must  all  have  food,  clothing,  houses,  and  opportunity  to  work. 
Business  gives  us  these.  We  owe  to  business  almost  all  that  makes 
modern  life  worth  living.  (82  words) 


LESSON  10 
PREFIXES  AND  SUFFIXES 

PREFIXES 

59.  Ad,  Af,  At — expressed  by  A. 

admit          ^ ,       adhere  ....£7.....       automobile 

admirable  ...<—* attorney       --../ atmosphere   . . . ^     .  - 

60.  Ed,  Ef — expressed  by  E. 

edifice     - .  -~^-0. . . . 

-\_, 
educate  

61.  As — expressed  by  circle-s. 

ascertain  ..« — ?     .  assure  aspire  <\. 

......  -N^-- 

assail         .  ..^TfT. ..          assists          .  .<^j2--          assert          ...? *.... 

62.  Be — expressed  by  B  written  in  a  more  slanting  manner, 
because  ..  beneath        ...<2-^  beware        


before     —  /z-,---  below  ...........         beside 


63.  De  —  expressed  by  D  written  in  a  more  slanting  manner. 

defer         ....^  .....  declare        ____  _  _____          decide         _..<f.^... 

.^  ' 

deposit     ....<(.  ......  delay  ..._  .....          decline        ...^^^.. 

SUFFIXES 

64.  Thing,  as  well  as  ing  (see  paragraph  12),  is  expressed  by 
a  light  dot. 

>> 

everything    ....T^  .....        best  thing  ...  (d.  .....          lastthing   ..._<_  ..... 

one  thing      —  /  ......        nothing      ..^...,...         each  thing  .....  i  ..... 


61 


62  ROWK    SHORTHAND 

65.  Ings,  things  —  expressed  by  disjoined  circles  written  in 
place  of  the  ing-dot. 

which  things  playthings   ____  f  .....      drawings  /. 

a 

failings  ____  ^  ____      meetings    ...  «  _____      these  things  .  ..7^°.... 

66.  Shun  (variously  spelled  tion,  sion,  cian,  sian,  tien,  cien) 
is  expressed  by  SH  written  in  a  more  upright  manner  so  as  to 
resemble  the  parenthesis  sign.     When  more  convenient,  the 
curve  may  be  reversed.     Use  the  form  which  makes  the  better 
joining.     Observe  the  following  illustrations  closely. 

nation  ....~777L---  edition  —  7\.  —  rational  .......  ^  ..... 

evasion  ..7Vn7£....  section  ...^—  <?...-  additional  .....  /.  ____ 

explanation  .  .  .TTiTT?..  deception  —  ^-—)-  -  •  educational  .....  -V^.  .  . 

exclamation  ...7m7  ___  circulation  -..\^_.-.  relations  ..^.  ----- 


station  ......  P....    efficient        ...rx-~  ,...     exertion 

67.  Ration  —  expressed  by  the  sign  for  shun  shaded. 
narration     ...T.A...  toleration   .-.-^(.... 

admiration  ----  £L  ...  separation  —  ^>  —  )--- 


68.  By  writing  a  word-sign  on  w-position,  a  following  you 
or  your  is  implied. 

to  you,  your      ...........     if  you,  your          ..........    if  you  are 

to  your  letter    -----  /'--.    if  you  will  .     if  you  are  not  .......... 

— 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


REVIEW  EXERCISE 

division  — -b=-=<  •  -  -  assertion      _    5. ^ admission f 

efficiency          ...~^^ —  suggestions friction       —  .... 

automatically rj._  exceptional..^^....  fashions      -T£... 

asset  — s — -r--  decrease        ...<£j>. device 

omission  ...-V_^ petition         __.\ deprive 

advisable          ...£-=^y--  edible  .  ..1^ afford 

devotion  ....£—,. ..  expression     ...7?^--  assort 

READING  EXERCISE 
Letter 

>"^ 
--^4^^-*-^^--Y--^-v  "- 

r.^.^L^.^.  -^^-^-/--^. 
-^-/--^_^-->v^-^->—     ^•-^-l-(-^^  - 

.  .\.  \ .  .w  .L  . — . .  ^.Y. — .  .^7?: .  * ^ .  x^r.'^.  .^.^ .  ^_  .x  v 

&**) 

Article 


64 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


WRITING  EXERCISE 

Words 

1 

deserve 

9 

patient 

17 

decayed 

2 

affable 

10 

visions 

18 

defraud 

3 

affix 

11 

moderation 

19 

fascination 

4 

bespeak 

12 

assess 

20 

depart 

5 

decease 

13 

effusion 

21 

patience 

6 

affair 

14 

session 

22 

diction 

7 

delight 

15 

portion 

23 

teachings 

cS 

caution 

16 

besiege 

24 

suction 

Letter 

Mr.  Frederick  W.  Martin, 
Toledo,  Ohio. 

Dear-Sir: 

We-are-glad  to-receive  your  recent  order  calling  for  15  gallons  of  our 
automobile  oils.  We-have-a  carload  lot  going  to-your  city  on  February  16 
with-which  we-will  forward  your-order. 

We-have  as  yet  heard  nothing  from-you  on-the  subject-of-your  taking- 
the  position  of  agent  for  our  stock  at  Toledo.  We-have-a  new  special 
offer  to  retail  stores.  May  we  forward-you  literature  on-it?  If-you  take 
on-a  stock-of  our  oils,  we-will-make  every  effort  to  assist-you  to-make  large 
sales.  We-are  just-now  developing  our  oil  stain  business.  You  ought-not 
to  pass  this  opportunity  by. 

We-trust-that  our  future  rektions  may-be  as  satisfactory  as  those-of-the 
past  year. 

Yours-truly,  (132  words) 


ROWE   SHORTHAND  65 

Article 

Free  speech,  a  free  press,  and-the  right-of  petition  are-a  few-of-the-things 
for-which  our  fathers  gave  their  lives.  Throughout-the  years  we-have 
adhered  to  these  declarations  of-the  fathers  of-the  Republic.  We-are  as 
certain  as  ever  that  no  one  shall-be  deprived  of-his  civil  liberties.  We-have- 
no  place  for  those-who  by  deception  and  evasion  seek  to  divide  our  people 
so-th;;t  we  shall  have  class  groups.  The  sectional  feeling  of-the  Civil  War 
has  passed,  never  to  return.  (88  words) 

REVIEW  TEST 

1.  What  is  the  shading  principle  used  to  express? 

2.  What  prefix  does  shaded  R  express?    When  is  it  disjoined? 

3.  What  prefixes  do  the  following  express?    Circle-.?,  A,  E. 

4.  How  are  the  prefixes  be  and  de  expressed? 

5.  What  suffix  is  expressed  by  detached  circle-.?? 

6.  What  suffixes  does  shaded  I  express? 

7.  How  are  the  following  suffixes  expressed?     Ward,  iking,  shun,  ration. 

8.  Review  all  the   word-signs  you  have  learned.     The  following  is  a 
complete  alphabetical  list  of  the  word-signs  given  in  lessons  1  to  10.    Write 
the  list  from  dictation. 

a,  an,  and,  address,  after,  agent,  all,  appropriate,  are,  arrange,  arranged, 
as,  ask,  asked,  at,  behalf,  behave,  change,  changed,  character,  charge, 
charged,  church,  circumstance,  company,  Dear  Sir,  deliver,  delivered,  de- 
livery, do,  dollar,  each,  equal,  ever,  every,  for,  gave,  give,  given,  had,  half, 
have,  heard,  his,  however,  I,  if,  immediate,  immediately,  is,  it,  judge,  judged, 
necessary,  necessity,  object,  of,  off,  on,  only,  opportune,  opportunity,  or, 
order,  ordered,  owe,  owed,  owing,  own,  particular,  practice,  practiced,  prac- 
tical, perhaps,  receive,  received,  receipt,  request,  requisite,  satisfy,  satisfied, 
satisfactory,  subject,  success,  succeed,  such,  that,  the,  thought,  to,  too, 
today,  us,  which,  will,  will  you,  with,  wish,  wished,  who,  word,  would, 
you,  your 


LESSON  11 
THE  LENGTHENING  PRINCIPLE 

69.  All  the  long  characters  and  B,  G,  SH,  WH,  and  J  are 
lengthened  to  add  the  sound  of  m  or  n. 

NOTE:  This  rule  applies  also  to  the  blends  BR,  GR,  and  SHR.  In 
applying  this  rule  to  the  long  characters,  make  them  only  about  one-third 
longer  than  the  regular  length.  B,  G,  SH,  and  WH  should  not  be  made 
wider  than  usual  when  lengthened  to  add  m  or  n. 


January  (Jan.)  ... 
June 


/z 


panel* 

journal* 

event 

name 

hang 

land 

winter 

vanish 

sometimes 


V 


allegiance  .  ^j^l.  _  beam 

illimitable**  _  _^/?>_  bank 

springs  __?>v     ...  gain 

thing,  think  .  _-r^^_ . .  green 

December  _.<^ z>_.  gone 

them,  then  ..TTT^N..  bring 

prompt  shone 

sample  .^rrr^..  whom****.. 


principle,        . . ^Sx^. . .  when 
principal                        zT" 

young  November  ---   ^-r- 

s*  (Novem.) 

million  ... ,  ^ joined 


urgent***        ....^....    belong 
.   excellent***..-^  .     single 


*  Final  circles  and  loops  are  always  read  after  them  or  n  which  is  expressed 
by  lengthening  the  stroke. 

**  Loop-/  used  initially  expresses  the  prefixes  d  and  il  as  well  as  al  (see 
paragraph  28). 

***  T  may  be  omitted  in  the  final  syllables  lent  and  gent. 

****  Word-sign  for  who  lengthened. 

66 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


67 


70.  In  is  added  to  here,  where,  there,  and  with  by  lengthening. 

herein     ../^7....  therein    _\._ 

wherein  ... .—? .         within      ...^/.... 

71.  Been  is  added  to  have,  has,  and  had  by  lengthening. 

we  have  -^T.. you  have  been 

we  have  been  -^^-.  —  it  has  been 

he  has  been      ^.. they  have  been 

we  had  been  —^.. .-..  which  has  been 

72.  The  long  characters  are  superlengthened  to  add  the  com- 
binations nn,  mm,  nm,  and  mn. 


gentlemen* 

women 

nominal 


summon 

sermon 

illumine 


*  Omit  /. 

NOTE:  The  long  characters,  when  superlengthened,  are  made  twice  the 
regular  length. 

73.  When  the  suffix  ment  follows  a  long  character,  it  is  ex- 
pressed by  superlengthening  the  character. 


payment         7>.._     cement          .s* — *^..      ornament 

government    .  assignment     vj^.^^..       experiment 


68 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


74.  The  suffix  lessness  is  expressed  by  lengthening  less. 


fruitless  --^>--  matchlessness  sleeplessness    ,, 


f ruitlessness   -^c-  -  blamelessness  . .  .tTT. lawlessness 

matchless       -  hopelessness      . .  .^. fearlessness 


WORD-SIGN  AND  PHRASES 

general  J yours  sincerely   -  — 

sincerely  yours    . .  -v^^x^  • 

REVIEW  EXERCISE 

f— 


denounce  . ./.. .     . ..  advantage*          . .' 1-..  alliance 

assemble  ..*. ^..advantageously* --^.T  77^..  primary 

prominent  .<-- telegram  ..tS.. benefit 

permanent  ..7N .,  between 


boundary      ••-••?) Cleveland 

century        •-- <?....  beyond 

equivalent    •-•/--  --•/?.  essential 

sundries         -~- original 

frequent*       — ^ resemble 

correspond 


behind 

*  Omit  t. 


7 


'-'-•  financial 
guarantee 


^ 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


69 


READING  EXERCISE 
Words 


Letters 


A 


.W. 


Pennsylvania  (pensv). 
/ 


..VD 


70 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


WRITING  EXERCISE 
Words 


1 

ribbon 

11 

germ 

2 

Oregon 

12 

adjoining 

3 

outlines 

13 

stringent 

4 

stolen 

14 

driven 

5 

sunken 

15 

talent 

6 

strength 

16 

spent 

7 

diligent 

17 

evening 

8 

muslin 

18 

lengthen 

9 

handsomely 

19 

regain 

10 

center 

20 

delinquent 

21  point 

22  Atlantic 

23  shining 

24  sing 

25  allowance 

26  slovenly 

27  porcelain 

28  supreme 

29  experience 

30  assumption 


Letter 


Messrs.  Wilson  &  Strong, 

Vineland,  N.  J. 
Gentlemen: 

We-have  learned  from  several  sources  that  Mr.  Charles  Winter,  one-of 
our  customers  at  Vineland,  has-been-having  serious  financial  troubles. 
We-have-made-a  number-of  requests  for  payment  of  our  bill  which-is  nearly 
a  year  overdue.  We-are-sending  copies-of  our  recent  letters  to-Mr.  Winter 
to-you  for  examination.  His  standing  heretofore  has-been  excellent.  Please 
call  on  Mr.  Winter  and  explain  to-him  that-we  simply  will-not  allow  this 
claim  to  drag  on  this  way. 


May  we  hear  from-you  soon? 


Yours-sincerely, 


(92  words) 


Article 

"To  err  is  human."  Everyone  makes  mistakes  sometimes.  We-are 
all  fallible  beings  with  definite  limitations.  Few-of-us,  however,  stop  to 
think  that  mistakes  may  help  to  develop  our  characters.  When  we-make- 
an  analysis  of  our  mistakes,  as-we  always  ought  to-do,  we  learn,  first,  why 
we-made  them  and,  second,  how  we-may  avoid  them  for-the  future.  He 
who  learns  nothing  from-his  mistakes  has  small  opportunity  to-win  success. 
The  earnest  thoughtful  worker  makes  every  effort  not  to-make-the  same 
mistake  twice.  (90  words) 


LESSON  12 
THE  SHORTENING  PRINCIPLE— UPWARD  T  AND  D 

75.  The  medium  characters,  F,  K,  and  M,  and  the  vowel 
characters,  A,  E,  I,  and  U,  are  shortened  to  add  the  sound 
of  m  or  n, 

NOTE:  When  these  characters  are  shortened  they  should  be  made  the 
same  length  as  the  short  characters  given  in  lesson  1. 


fine       ^  

reference     .     v-»  

form 

frame    T?.. 

can                   ~~~ 

keen 

friend   .—  ^ 

come                       

kindness 

man      .  .  .  .T  

count 

x^r 

months 

men      .  ..r-_  

~y 
am             /?  

-£ 

vacant                    '    ^ 

many    ^-,... 

answer        ^  

meant 

X 

monev    - 

(ans.) 
in                   .-.->...  . 

minimum* 

*  Use  the  jog  between  the  two  short  strokes. 

76.  Shortened  A  expresses  the  prefixes  am  and  an.  It  may 
be  written  upward  or  downward  according  to  convenience  of 
joining.  Use  the  form  which  makes  the  better  angle  with  the 
following  stroke. 

ancestor    .  ^ — P---  annual --.  A^. ...  ample     ....<h 

ancient       .-/%--  annul    angle      ^>. 

71 


72 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


77.  Shortened  E  expresses  em  and  en. 

enlarge      ..?fT7...         emblem       - .  A-.  enthusiasm 

envelope       r>*».  emphatic    -     ^~L —          embargo       7.V.. 

enhance     .."Y:.....         enable          -•£ employ         -...-v? 

enlist          -X<?  encourage .. embody        . .  ,^_ 

"^^  v — i  ^/ 

78.  Shortened  I  expresses  im  and  *'«.     It  may  be  written  either 
upward  or  downward.     Use  the  form  which  will  make  the 
sharper  angle  with  the  stroke  to  which  it  is  joined. 

impossible        . . .  </_^. . . .  indignation 
inspiration       . .  .^^  -    invests 

inquiry  .1. import 

inside  ..^^^4..  include 

instant  (inst.)  ....S>. incident 

invoices  -;^r-z>^^--  insists 

impression       .  - . /S^  . . .  into 

increase  •?*-? —  immaterial 

*  Refer  to  the  footnote  on  page  52. 

79.  Shortened  U  expresses  urn  and  un. 

1... 
Z... 


unless 
until 


unequal 
unable 


untrue    . 
unbelief 


73 


T" 

-£:• 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 

80.  The  suffix  ment  is  expressed  by  shortened  M. 

supplement      assortment     '-v---.* moment 

argument          £_. . . .  enlistment      . . -. -/^. . . .  judgment 

department     *r . . .  agreement      . .  ^CT. —  instrument 

advancement  arrangement      .TTJ^...  allotment 


NOTE:  Refer  to  paragraph  73  for  the  representation  of  ment  after  a  Ion;, 
character. 


81.  T  and  D  (but  not  TR  and  DR)  are  written  upward  to 
add  m  or  n. 

NOTE:  This  rule  does  not  conflict  with  paragraphs  6  and  11. 

tempest  ..x>x----  items  ...M. resident*      -^, 

temperature  ..  ^>.     ...  ordinary  --\^? president*        _V^. 

danger  _<J.-.  extraordinary      <--  important*  .    y 

damage          ^.L~  correspondence  v-o- downward    

pardon  _  defendant*          ..Z&fl —  tendency 

/- — 6 

identical         .  _ . .  J^t_ . . .  dividend*  .^^.^-s. .  attempt        Ct. 

attend  ^ correspondent*   . v^.- - intensely       J&. . .. 


*  T  and  D  may  be  omitted  from  the  final  syllables  tent,  dent,  and  dend. 
NOTE  :  T  and  D  should  not  be  lengtftened  when  written  upward  to  add 


74 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 
REVIEW  EXERCISE 


manager 

mercantile   .  .  —~-l/' 

indelible 

council                       ^s>^^- 

demand               y  . 

shipment 

scanty                          «^ 

influence 

injure 

maintenance                —  ° 

famous        7Vo... 

'\ 

temporary          ^^^ 

specimen                 ^~~^- 

county         

obedient          ^)^-. 

cancelation               *-*^^  \ 

country 

anxious              /^ 

fancy                           '""" 

mineral        .  .  .  _^^-  . 

anxiety             ,- 

manner                        ~x 

J-  —  > 
invasion       (.... 

wisdom              _^^ 

antagonist                ^      ^ 

often            ...\n.  .  .. 

seldom          .  .s_^.  . 

encounter                   .. 

income        

tangible        A  

undesirable          ...£.^>.... 

imply           ...-}  

information         , 

? 

American  (Am.)         r 
// 

umbrella      -  -  A/2T.  .  .  . 

incredible     .    .  ^^, 

WORD-SIGNS 

any,  end  ^ upon     i 

enter,  entered   •> under   c 

entire,  entirely *> 

82.  The  word-signs  for  under  and  any  are  used  as  prefixes 
understand  ...Vfhr7-.          undersell      _.S^=?....        anybody     ,...-?n... 


understood 
undergo 


)° 


undertake 
underscore 


anyhow 
anywhere 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


75 


we  cannot 
be 


PHRASES 

in  order                 ...    I.. ...     in  this 
in  order  to  be*       .  . .  f) in  reply 


can  you  in  order  to  have     .  ,.A-rr>>..    in    reply    to   youi 

letter* 


;n  the          * inasmuch  as in  answer 

in  a  .^1--     in  every  _../T^ in  answer  to  your 

letter* 

in  his  2- in  which  ji replying    to    your 

letter* 

*  Omit  to  in  these  phrases. 

READING  EXERCISE 
Words 

Letter 

-v^.*  ^.^--.-^..,.  U^._.         w/. 

^.±...^...,.^.^...^tt./..^..*-....'..A<*t. 


76 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 
Article 


WRITING  EXERCISE 
Words 


1 

campaign 

9 

thermometer 

17 

indolent 

2 

remember 

10 

attendance 

18 

attain 

3 

mainspring 

11 

canvas 

19 

inferior 

4 

morning 

12 

student 

20 

inventor 

5 

offend 

13 

redeemable 

21 

amusement 

6 

freedom 

14 

impulse 

22 

importance 

7 

infringement 

15 

immense 

23 

evident 

8 

remainder 

16 

inscribe 

24 

investment 

ROWE    SHORTHAND  77 

Letter 

Mr.  John  W.  Winton, 

Manager,  Trenton  Supply  Co., 
Trenton,  N.  J. 

Dear-Sir: 

In-answer-to-your-letter  of- the  14th  inst.,  we-are-sending  by  special 
delivery  specimens  of  fancy  envelopes  for-the  Christmas  trade.  In-the 
package  you-will  also  find-a  reference  list  showing  our  entire  line-of  fine 
writing  papers.  We-understand  that  you-are  developing-a  fine  trade  in 
writing  paper  and  trust-that  you-will  take-the  time  to-go  over-the  samples 
with  care.  You  need  have  no  hesitancy  in-giving-us  your-order  for  several 
months'  supply.  Further  price  increases  are  almost  certain  to  come  before- 
the  end-of-the  present  season. 

Yours-sincerely,  (101  words) 

Article 

Many  persons  are  capable  of-doing  excellent  work  in-their  particular 
line.  Realizing  their  capacity  to  excel,  they  become  angry  when  they  see 
others,  perhaps  not  quite  as  expert  as  they-are,  advanced  to-higher  positions. 
They  cannot  understand-the  reason  why  they-were-not  advanced.  In-such 
cases  they  begin  to  fall  behind  in-their  work  because-of-a  "don't  care" 
spirit.  As-soon-as  a  worker  does  this,  he  casts  away  opportunities  which 
may  never  return.  In-his  depression  he  fails  to-note-the  reason  which-is 
the  cause-of-the  advance-of-his  rival.  He  fails  to  understand  that  not-only 
must  he  do  his  work  especially  well;  he  must  also  know- the  ethics  that  go 
with  higher  places.  Many  men  and  women  valuable  in-their  particular 
lines  have-been  deposed  from  high  places  because  they  could-not  work  with 
those  under  them.  (146  words) 


LESSON  13 
PREFIXES  AND  SUFFIXES 

PREFIXES 

83.  Com,  Con — expressed  by  K  shortened, 
considerable  ..^^^7—     consignment    * — ^^^^.    competent 
concerning      -^>> — ^- -     continually       .^-^_=^-..   constant 

control  ..^p/S- —    contrary  ...J). consequent-^ 

confidence       ^^^/f...     contrivance      -  --^- s—  conditional 

consign  ..,_^^J^.     compartment    ---  --   compliance  -^^-c,--- 

84.  Inter,  Intro,  Intel — expressed  by  I  shortened  and  shaded. 
This  prefix  is  always  written  downward. 


interfere     ^> introduce        intervene 

<7 

interest      ....c>_ intercourse      ...<Ap intelligent    ~  .- 

interested o> intermission    --  J  , intelligible 

85.  Enter — expressed  by  E  shortened  and  shaded. 

entertain         entertainment    7! 

entertained      TY. —  enterprising        _.\ 


86.  Ac  and  Oc,  Ab  and  Ob,  Ap  and  Op — expressed  by  a  light 
dot  placed  at  the  beginning  of  the  outline.  The  dot  should 
always  be  written  first. 

78 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


79 


account 

accustomed 

accident 

accurate 

occasional 


N,. 


abnormal    -^..  appeal 

absence       --"s — *?...  appearance 7^__ 

absorb         — -^.^p..  application----^-, — 

observe       -S — f^T>.  operation     —  -( 

obtain         — - opposite       --•^--- 

occur  — obtainable ' oppress        J>>.._ 

SUFFIXES 

S7.  Fy,  Vy,  and  Thy — indicated  by  making  the  F,  V,  and  TH 
more  curved. 


qualify 
glorify 


very 
navy 


worthy 
wealthy 


88.  Self  and  Selves — expressed  by  disjoined  circle-.?  placed 
beside  the  stroke. 


himself  -.-//?.--.. 
myself  ----5  ----- 
itseK  ...../o—  • 


themselves 
yourself 


—    herself          .../ 
ourselves     .  ----  r> 


NOTE:  In  most  cases  self  and  selves  may  be  safely  joined.     Yourselves 
may  be  distinguished  from  yourself  by  adding  the  alphabetic  S  after  the 


80 


ROWK    SHORTHAND 


89.  Ship,  shipped,  shipment — expressed  by  disjoined  SII. 

hardship          ...-.C-.  .chairmanship        —  - — large  shipment  /rTT-  c  -- 

workmanship citizenship  -.v^^-^-. no  shipment      ,..._--^-- 

scholarship      . .  -<^-^  -  •  we  have  shipped  _^TT7?.  he  will  ship 

90.  Ize,  ized,  ization — expressed  by  disjoined  I. 
criticize        . . .  ^^ specialize         - .  ^^>  -  -  -      sterilize 

penalize        -t^. 

organization    9^-  -  -      mercerized   . .  ._«, . 

REVIEW  EXERCISE 


modernize    materialize 

centralize     -^-^?- 


conscious         controversy 

•d 

complete         -^_  —  contribution 

analyze  -  -  ...  ^  -  -  authority*  * 

international  ..  ....£__.  comment 

continued       .*?.-.      . .  commencement 


( 


authorize 

> characterize  . 

....  <~*i--  -  access  _.">*— 
«-^7- ••  obstinate  ...&r 

..^r-rrr.  .  .  obstacle 


acknowledge  .......  interruption        ----^A obligation 

consistency     ~>^J3  •  c-  competition 
salesmanship  . ...\£...  commercial 

actually*        . . .  ^s> impart 

continuance    .y.. .  -  .^.    accordance 
heavy  /^T. notify 

*  Omit  t. 
**  Ty,  as  well  as  y,  following  TH  is  indicated  by  making  TH  more  curved. 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 

READING  EXERCISE 
Letter 


81 


Article 


82 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


WRITING  EXERCISE 
Words 


1 

fertilize 

9 

interview 

17 

oblique 

2 

concert 

10 

contingent 

18 

operator 

3 

comfortable 

11 

absurd 

19 

appraisal 

4 

acquisition 

12 

abstract 

20 

wavy 

5 

utilize 

13 

comprehension 

21 

modify 

r, 

command 

14 

appointment 

22 

contained 

7 

acquit 

15 

accused 

23 

content 

8 

consent 

16 

approach 

24 

consumed 

NOTE  :  The  hyphens  to  indicate  shorthand  phrases  are  not  given 
in  this  and  succeeding  exercises.  Construct  phrases  on  the  basis 
of  the  phrasing  principles  you  have  learned. 

Letter 

The  Hoboken  Ship  Co., 
Hoboken,  N.  J. 

Gentlemen: 

Replying  to  your  letter  of  Monday  morning,  we  have  today  consigned 
four  cars  of  our  No.  5  canvas  to  you.  We  are  sorry  that  the  No.  4  was  not 
found  to  be  entirely  satisfactory.  Both  the  materials  and  workmanship 
are  examined  before  shipments  go  out.  To  us  it  seems  obvious  that  the 
No.  4  is  too  light  a  cloth  for  the  use  you  wish  to  make  of  it.  We  will  have 
Mr.  Johnson,  our  Eastern  agent,  call  on  you  within  a  few  days  so  that  he 
may  make  a  personal  examination  of  your  working  processes.  He  is  in  a 
position  to  furnish  valuable  advice  on  how  to  utilize  our  output  to  the 
best  advantage. 

Sincerely  yours,  (117  words) 

Article 

Many  people  are  accustomed  to  think  of  their  work  simply  in  terms  of 
the  number  of  hours  each  day  that  they  have  to  "put  in  "  at  the  office,  store, 
or  factory.  If  you  were  to  ask  them  whether  they  obtain  any  actual 
pleasure  or  enjoyment  out  of  their  work,  they  would  probably  wonder  if  you 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


83 


were  in  earnest.  Yet  it  is  the  simple  truth  that  no  one  has  ever  made  a 
success  of  anything  who  was  not  first  of  all  thoroughly  taken  up  with  his 
work.  To  such  a  one  work  is  the  very  breath  of  life.  As  you  master  the 
obstacles  in  your  path  you  become  stronger.  If  you  wish  to  qualify  for 
success  without  undue  delay,  you  must  become  intensely  interested  in  the 
work  which  lies  at  your  hand.  (130  words) 

REVIEW  TEST 

1.  To  what   characters  is   the   lengthening  principle  applied?     What 
sounds  are  added  by  superlengthening? 

2.  To  what  characters  is  the  shortening  principle  applied? 

3.  How  is  the  sound  of  m  or  n  following  T  and  D  expressed? 

4.  What  prefixes  do  the  following  express?     E  shortened  and  shaded; 
A  shortened;  U  shortened;  K  shortened;  I  shortened  and  shaded;  E  short- 
ened; light  dot;  I  shortened. 

5.  How  is  the  suffix  ment  after  a  long  character  expressed?    After  other 
characters? 

6.  What  suffixes  do  disjoined  I  and  disjoined  SH  express?    How  are  the 
suffixes  self,  selves  expressed? 

7.  How  is  been  added  to  long  characters  in  phrasing? 

8.  Write  from  dictation   the  complete  alphabetical  list  of  word-signs 
given  on  pages  132  and  133. 

9.  Write  in  shorthand: 


1  explode 

2  steamship 

3  convinced 

4  unavoidable 

5  criminally 

6  manifest 

7  indefensible 

8  tragical 

9  zone 

10  civilize 

11  sentiment 

12  friendship 

13  employment 

14  relentlessness 

15  plunge 

16  sparks 


32 


17  index 

18  revenue 

19  incessant 

20  beneficial 

21  doctrines 

22  ledger 

23  undertakings 

24  rural 

25  equipment 

26  machinery 

27  resistance 

28  leadership 

29  specifically 

30  early  convenience   41 

31  we-thank-you 

42 


answer  any 

requests 
full  information 
look-forward  with 

confidence 
kindly  give-us 
call  upon-you 
if-we-do-not-hear 

from-you 
we-take  pleasure 
concerning-the 
payment  of-your- 

account 
continuance-of- 

your  business 
since-you-are 


LESSON  14 
THE  ENLARGING  PRINCIPLE— DOUBLE  LENGTH  D 

91.  All  the  space  characters  are  enlarged  to  add  the  sound 
of  /  or  d. 

Note:    Be  careful  not  to  lengthen  the  space  characters  in  applying  this 
rule. 


bad 

n 

state 

bright 

states            G 

greater   .  . 

o 

regard     T~ 

goods 

regret     .     (J 

should 

(3 

accept    ..  ..S,  —  15. 

what 

o 

except    .     V^> 

92.  The  loop-/  is  enlarged  to  add  the  sound  of  /  or  d.     In 

applying  this  rule  extend  the  loop  about  three-fourths  back 
over  the  stem.     (Compare  paragraph  23.) 

held        ....^......  availed  difficulty 

sold        ..v.^_)...  old  .....  ^  .....  novelty 

results    .....  ^~f---  ultimo  (ult.)  .....  ^..  fields 

• 


\ 

spoiled    ...  ?)V....  difficult  ..../...  quality 

•\i  *~—*G> 


93.  D  and  DR  are  made  double  length  to  add  the  sound  of 
t  or  d.    Double  length  D  expresses  the  final  syllables  ted  or  ded. 

84 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


85 


did         ..../ indeed      .../ debtor 

J 

details    ff.. united       ....V- 7          creditor 

7  /7 

dated      granted     ...A^ adroit 

doubt      ....... indebted Jf. noted 

94.  It  or  to  is  phrased  to  a  preceding  is  or  as  and  to  short 
words  ending  with  the  circle-.?  by  enlarging  the  circle. 

is  it,  to O as  soon  as  it  ... 

as  it,  to as  far  as  it  ...,f.~ 

so  as  to  ....v^-<?-..         such  as  to  

o 

has  it is  at  hand  ....o.. 

REVIEW  EXERCISE 

alphabet    attribute     — .^....  absolute       .._;_.^_.. 

consults     . .  ^--^y-  •  -  -          straight      5?. ....  absolutely 

standard    ./. —          statement  -...— loaded 

rebates       stout          ........  rapidly 

associate     .-t^..^...         mailed        ....Tr! apt 

^~3^ 

stamped  get  dropped 

daughter    — >. determine  — / marked 

seated        .. >*-=•/.....          gradually   ...5r^=s..  manuscript 


86 

but  not 
but  have 
but  will 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 
PHRASES 

.  as  soon  as       should  not  be 

. .  what  have instead  of 

.  what  will        just  what 


butwillbe   what  will  be *??. . . .  f or  us  to 

asgreatas  should  be       Yours  very  truly  ...A 

G 

as  good  as   should  have Very  truly  yours  . . .  .-^rRs>. 

READING  EXERCISE 
Lett  eis 

/x...-^,.^...J.7?L^rrr_.^_./.^.x 5:.°-x-. 

s  ' 

.\...7>   ,-rTTX  ^P..<S.  .,..  .^..{...G... 

•*—*•                                         *~^-^  v-3>> 

/  ' \-  -x         . 

^~^.. ~^7^-.. .^  .._.<,.. .fj-x..^—..^ X..^±»... 

>>  ^-     '  y  Q_ 

.*.& -r.r.f?.      ./.._^      ,.&../.<..-?..^.._^^.^.Cr.« 
J  >^  >  s 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


87 


—  £)---                      "-S/eX-  •  '--- 

\^  ./....  .-^r^.x.:^:7,, 

...o.TT^..->..^.j  ^ 

^-7,   - 

^-7 

v_?                      y 

/               -/--x-- 

^^^ 

.  .TX^..^ 

^-^/  ^r~^^r 

/-•/ 

o    • 

^                  ^ 

A^-—  ^ 

t>x_     /  ^             cS 

^..g.j 

/  *  ~^  t^—'  ' 

x 

-VX-       °     ^<^    -*     ^      "^ 

,        .s"       ^Zy  \ 

(f7). 

WRITING  EXERCISE 

Words 

1     shout 

8 

assault 

IS 

soiled 

2     white 

9 

revolt 

16 

vault 

3     default 

10 

impelled 

17 

murdered 

4    rubbed 

11 

habit 

18 

waited 

5     invited 

12 

breadth 

19 

abide 

6    quilt 

13 

slipped 

20 

wanted 

7    bitter 

14 

landed 

21 

yield 

. 

Letters 

Messrs.  Rogers  &  Roberts, 
610  Stevens  Street, 
Easton,  Pa. 

Gentlemen: 

The  writer  takes  this  opportunity  to  inform  you  that  he  is  now  associated 
with  the  well-known  printing  business  of  Taylor  &  Brooks.  We  are  in  a 
position  to  give  you  the  best  in  workmanship,  quality,  and  service.  A 
telephone  call  or  postal  card  will  bring  me  to  your  office  immediately.  I 
will  gladly  furnish  you  with  any  special  information  you  may  wish  to  have. 

Very  truly  yours,  (69  words) 


ROWE  SHORTHAND 

Mr.  James  T.  White, 
820  River  Street, 
Harrisburg,  Pa. 

Dear  Sir: 

I  have  your  inquiry  of  the  14th  inst.  regarding  lot  No.  81  in  the  Rob- 
ertson plan. 

This  lot  is  at  the  corner  of  Jackson  and  Gray  Streets  and  is  absolutely 
level.  There  are  sidewalks  on  both  streets. 

The  terms  can  be  arranged  to  suit  your  convenience.  This  is  a  develop- 
ment in  which  we  are  much  interested  and  the  property  is  growing  rapidly 
in  value.  I  should  like  very  much  to  make  an  appointment  with  you  to 
go  over  the  matter  in  detail.  When  will  it  be  convenient  for  you  to  call 
at  our  office? 

Yours  very  truly,  (100  words) 


LESSON  15 


REVERSED  CIRCLE  AND  LOOP— B  AND  G  WRITTEN 
UPRIGHT 

95.  Circle-5  is  turned  on  the  irregular  side  (see  paragraph 
18)  to  express  ts  and  ds  following  a  short,  medium,  or  long 
character. 

NOTE:  The  application  of  this  rule  must  not  be  confused  with  the  use 
of  the  space  character  ST. 


rates threads 

cheats  t> meets 

trades  . pounds 

notes  -  -  -^^^o  -  -  sends 

imports  ..^ lights 

appoints  .  ->>-^_ . .  prints 

votes  extends 


96.  The  loopy-/  is  turned  on  the  irregular  side  of  short,  me- 
dium, and  long  characters  to  express  tl  and  dl. 

NOTE:  Do  not  confuse  the  application  of  this  rule  with  the  enlarged 
loop  to  express  It  and  //.     See  paragraph  92. 


little 

middle 

settle 

handle 

individual 


gentle 
lightly 
partly 
ultimately  . 
definitely    . 
89 


instantly 

jointly 

promptly 

spindle 

vitally 


90  ROWE    SHORTHAND 

97.  The  sound  of  sh  following  B  or  G,  or  any  of  their  modified 
forms,  is  expressed  by  writing  these  characters  upright  without 
any  slant. 

bush  clash  publish 


bashful    ...i.                    banish            ....!.'.._.  English      ...^... 

gash garnishment  .. British       ...^\... 


98.  The  reversed  circle  is  used  in  phrasing  to  express  its  or 
it  is. 


anditis  — 9. ifitis  . ^<>- —   that  it  is 

and  it  is  possible.-o'C;^-- -  -  -  if  it  is  possible_.-^5^^^_ .    thatitisnot 

and  it  is  time  ..<£.-   ..  how  it  is  ..    that  it  is  necessary. 


99.  The  circle-*  turned  on  the  irregular  side  is  used  to  ex- 
press the  prefixes  dis  or  des. 

distant       ...T?. discern  .?s—e-r'. ..  discharge 

distance     ...°f. disguise  ---&? dissatisfied 

distend       ....M.....     dispensation       t^>^. .  dismounting    — Oy  --- 

distribute  .../^ disposal  .       disloyal  a^'- 

disappear  .../>s.....     destroy  /?.-..  indispensable 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


91 


100.  When  dis  precedes  any  of  the  vowel  characters  or  K, 
PL,  and  KL,  it  may  safely  be  expressed  by  the  circle  written 
on  the  regular  side. 


disagree 

disagreeable 

disuse 

discount 

discuss 


disclose       ..^^JL.^...  discretion 

display        "I discover 

disease        TTi displease 

disembark  . .  .^V_ . .  disclaim 

disinherit    '^71..  discipline 


REVIEW  EXERCISE 


fundamental 

disappointment 

presently 

disinterested       o? 


brush  griddle* 

O  "'& 

disadvantages ^--  splash  ...  f. 

throttle  . .  -_^- sentimental  .^— -^ 

Oriental  .  \_^=> . . .  total** 

"  6 

consistently         ~*^£L-^  needles  ..  .-^^R  ...  chattels**     1 

disbursements     disarrange        . .  .^7777]. .  title**  „ .  ^. 

dishonesty  !iv-rA--  gets*  .  ..C2...  let  us 


*  To  express  Is-ds  and  ll-dl  after  space  characters,  enlarge  the  character 
and  add  the  circle-s  and  loop-/  respectively. 

"*  While  the  sound  of  /  following  T  and  CH  should  always  be  expressed 
by  the  alphabetic  L  (see  paragraph  26),  tl  and  dl  are  expressed  by  the 
reversed  loop-/ 


92 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 

READING  EXERCISE 
Letter 


^-,  -  . 

>^ 


Article 


r...^...y....x— vgi-*---  -->-•- /~~x... 


KOWE   SHORTHAND  93 

WRITING  EXERCISE 
Words 


1 

discarded 

8 

dissimilar 

15 

discredit 

2 

model 

9 

discord 

16 

disgusting 

3 

prattle 

10 

differently 

17 

paddle 

4 

dismissed 

11 

dispelled 

18 

disputed 

5 

slightly 

12 

parts 

19 

distress 

6 

saddle 

13 

dispatch 

20 

lately 

7 

dismayed 

14 

discolor 

21 

needs 

Letter 

Mr.  Frank  W.  Little, 

610  West  View  Avenue, 
Portland,  Me. 

Dear  Sir: 

We  learn  that  you  have  secured  an  automobile  license  and  assume  that 
you  either  own  or  operate  a  car.  We  have  just  completed  a  small  booklet 
containing  some  very  valuable  information  on  the  subject  of  automobile 
oils  and  greases.  Getting  together  the  material  of  this  booklet  has  cost 
us  considerable  time  and  money,  and  we  believe  that  it  contains  only  infor- 
mation that  is  thoroughly  reliable.  We  shall  be  glad  to  mail  you  a  copy 
upon  application. 

Since  our  oils  are  made  up  specially  for  different  makes  of  cars,  we  would 
thank  you  upon  making  application  for  the  booklet  to  state  the  make  and 
horsepower  of  your  car. 

Very  truly  yours,  (112  words) 


94  ROWE    SHORTHAND 

Selection 

It  has  been  proved  that  anger  and  violent  emotion  cause  for  the  time 
being  a  poisonous  condition  of  the  blood  which  is  injurious.  It  must  be 
equally  true  that  facing  the  passing  hour  with  a  mouth  turned  up  at  the 
corners  and  a  mind  alert  for  the  best  that  the  day  offers  is  beneficial.  This  is 
a  very  good  world  after  all,  if  we  but  treat  it  right.  And  surely  if  we  face 
our  obligations  and  our  work  not  with  frowns  but  with  gladness,  it  will  give 
us  a  more  kindly  greeting  and  a  helping  hand  in  return.  (98  words) 

Review  of  Phrasing 

Write  the  following  phrases  from  dictation: 

1  upon  the  17  it  is  not  necessary 

2  under  the  18  give  us 

3  on  the  19  sending  the 

4  and  it  is  not  20  what  will 

5  for  it  is  21  but  will  be 

6  of  its  22  informing  us 

7  after  it  is  23  paying  a 

8  was  it  24  arranging  the 

9  as  well  as  it  25  charging  us 

10  we  cannot  ship  26  practice  the 

11  if  you  have  been  27  would  not  have  been 

12  we  are  glad  28  we  may  say 

13  they  are  not  29  or  the 

14  that  will  be  30  I  will  be 

15  will  be  necessary  31  she  will  be 

16  you  will  not  32  and  we  would 


LESSON  16 
OMISSION  OF  INITIAL  SYLLABLES— PREFIXES 

101.  In  a  few  common  words  the  initial  syllable  may  be 
omitted  without  impairing  the  legibility  of  the  outline.  A  list 
of  such  words  follows: 

<$- 


adapt 


attention 
among 
about 
above 

adjust  -. adopt 

a 
adjustment abandon 

amount abundant 

D 

again 
against 
agency 
another 


-  arrive  .--v — v...   establishment 

.  achieve  ...U-rrr^..    endeavor 

.  achievement  .\^rrr7T^.  enclose 


h 


£ 

(?. 
'I. 


enclosure 

enough 

entitle 

opinion 
/> 
abundance     -  -  - require 

engage  —  rfj respect 

engagement    r^.-.    respond 

establish  ...£....  responsible 


PREFIXES 

102.  Per,  Pur,  Pre — expressed  by  disjoined  B. 

perceptible  --^ — •«?-.     prepare      ™...  precisely 

persuade       .f^\. —     pretend      ...S3i. preserve 

purpose         .  ..,^5..-— .     prefer         ....fZk-*...  perpendicular 

^O" 

perpetual      ...7^75^ —     perform     ....^>, preliminary 

prefixes         --fZh\ pursue        ...^o---^--  premium 

05 


96  ROWE    SHORTHAND 

103.  Pro — expressed  by  disjoined  BR. 

proceeds        ^3 — **>.  -  -      promotion      . .  ^^ profound        . . . .  ^  . . 

(  7 


professional   ..  <3^—       produce          pronounce 

*  / 

proficient       ...f^j proprietor      ../**--...    propelled 


NOTE:  Always  write  a  disjoined  prefix  signers/. 

104.  The  prefix  Sub  with  its  modified  forms  Sup,  Suf,  Sur, 
and  Sus  —  expressed  by  disjoined  ST. 

suburb  .....  ^Lx...    surprise          ...rs^....    subsequent 

subscribe*      ....QJ?....    suffer  ____  Q-r>...    support 


-Q.- 
substance*  .    surrender       ..Q^-—  ...     surface 


suffixes  ....Qr^.  .....    sufficient        .....  &^>...    survival 

V^,  $ 

suppose          ____  Gk;----    subordinate    ...Q^....    suspense 


*  This  prefix  may  be  joined  to  an  outline  that  begins  with  circle-.*  or  ST. 

105.  Super,  Subter  —  expressed  by  disjoined  STR. 
superficial       ...-Oy>  ......  supervision    .(^^  ____  superscrile        ^..Q*£-— 

supernatural  r..  .  .  ^\.  .  superheated   ....(T^J..  subterranean     ............. 

superintend    _____  Q>i....  supersede        ....Q—  ^.  subterfuge         .....G--... 

106.  Tran,  Trans  —  expressed  by  disjoined  TR. 


—//-  .....    transparent  .....  -^---    transportation 
transmitter    ...  _/_,..  ..    transfer        ...j^....    transplant 


transmission....,    ....    translation    -.--..    transvcrs 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 

READING  EXERCISE 
Letter 


97 


"D 


-   -     -X-    --  '-  -fQ  --- 


~v~       ---c/--^-^--' 


98 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 
WRITING  EXERCISE 


Words 


1  perceive 

2  perception 

3  proportion 

4  permission 

5  substantial 

6  procession 

7  subsistence 

8  transpose 

9  submission 

10  pertained 

1 1  prohibit 

12  suspender 


13 

prescribe 

25 

proposal 

14 

profile 

26 

surround 

15 

transform 

27 

suspicious 

16 

survey 

28 

perverse 

17 

previously 

29 

sustained 

18 

pronunciation 

30 

procure 

19 

supervisor 

31 

precaution 

20 

provision 

32 

subvert 

21 

prepay 

33 

transcript 

22 

submerge 

34 

prevent 

23 

proclaim 

35 

transgress 

24 

persistence 

36 

presume 

Letters 

Mr.  R.  W.  Wells, 

436  North  Second  Street, 
Camden,  N.  J. 

Dear  Sir: 

We  have  an  exceptional  investment  opportunity  on  hand  at  this  time 
which  should  appeal  to  every  investor  desiring  absolute  safety  and  the 
maximum  interest  return.  We  therefore  venture  to  address  you  again  and 
to  enclose  a  circular  describing  this  investment. 

Your  original  inquiry  asking  for  information  about  the  securities  we 
handle  leads  us  to  believe  that  you  are  an  investor.  Since  you  have  not 
written  us  in  reply  to  our  recent  letters,  we  are  greatly  handicapped  in  try- 
ing to  learn  your  wants  and  to  furnish  you  the  specific  information  you  de- 
sire. If  you  are  interested,  won't  you  kindly  let  us  hear  from  you  telling 
us  how  we  can  serve  you? 

Very  truly  yours,  (115  words) 


ROWE    SHORTHAND  99 

B.  0.  9  «,wru 

The  First  National  Bank,  J_ 

Portland,  Oregon.  p  ^ 

Gentlemen: 

I  regret  the  delay  which  has  occuried  in  answering  your  letter  of  March 
31  inquiring  about  Mr.  John  W.  Green.  By  some  means  the  letter  was 
mislaid  and  came  to  my  attention  only  yesterday. 

I  have  known  the  young  man  in  question  as  a  neighbor  for  about  three 
years  and  have  always  considered  him  reliable.  He  comes  of  a  good  family 
and  I  think  special  attention  has  been  given  to  his  home  training.  He  has 
had  the  advantage  of  a  good  education  and  I  believe  him  to  be  a  very  bright 
young  fellow.  My  knowledge  of  him  is  limited  to  his  domestic  life  and  I 
know  very  little  of  his  business  ability,  but  I  feel  sure  he  would  rapidly 
acquire  a  knowledge  of  such  duties  as  may  be  assigned  to  him. 

Very  truly  yours,  (136  words) 

REVIEW   TEST 

1.  To  what  characters  does  the  enlarging  principle  apply? 

2.  How  is  t  or  d  following  the  loop-/  expressed? 

3.  How  are  the  past  tense  endings  ted  and  ded  expressed?    What  char- 
acters are  made  double  length  to  add  I  or  d? 

4.  How  are  it  and  to  phrased  to  a  preceding  is  or  as  ? 

5.  What  sounds  do  the  reversed  circle  and  loop  express? 

6.  What  prefixes  are  expressed  by  the  reversed  circle? 

7.  WThen  may  the  prefix  dis  be  expressed  by  the  circle  written  on  the 
regular  side? 

8.  What  sound  is  added  to  B  and  G  by  writing  them  upright? 

9.  What  prefixes  do  the  following  disjoined  signs  express?    B,  BR,  ST. 
STR,  TR. 


100 
10.  Write  in  shorthand: 


ROWE  SHORTHAND 


1 

discernment 

18 

submerge 

35 

displeasure 

2 

defensive 

19 

jots 

36 

detailed 

3 

intensive 

20 

suspect 

37 

disfigure 

4 

suppressed 

21 

remits 

38 

insults 

5 

contingency 

22 

susceptible 

39 

measured 

6 

requirements 

23 

transpire 

40 

supersensitive 

7 

disposition 

24 

sublease 

41 

pronouns 

8 

disorder 

25 

provided 

42 

fitted 

9 

suffice 

26 

presume 

43 

subdivide 

10 

arts 

27 

precede 

44 

hotel 

11 

translucent 

28 

adults 

45 

sheets 

12 

natively 

29 

arrival 

46 

transcribe 

13 

propound 

30 

discouragement 

47 

transcription 

U 

spots 

31 

brevity 

48 

subside 

15 

disdain 

32 

disprove 

49 

perseverance 

16 

peta's 

33 

candid 

50 

greatness 

17 

badly 

34 

subway 

51 

disliked 

LESSON  17 
KT  AND  ATE  TERMINATIONS 

107.  The  common  termination  kt  (ct)  is  expressed  by  de- 
taching the  consonant  stroke  preceding  kt  and  writing  it  under 
the  first  character  in  the  outline.  In  the  word  select,  for 
example,  L  is  written  under  S  to  imply  the  termination  kt. 

NOTES:  Verbs  ending  in  kt  are  written  according  to  this  rule.  In 
most  cases  it  is  unnecessary  to  add  the  syllables  ed,  lion,  and  live  to  a  word 
ending  in  kt,  since  the  context  will  readily  determine  which  form  of  the 
word  is  to  be  read.  Selected,  selection,  and  selective  may  thus  usually  be 
represented  by  the  same  form  as  select.  Should  it  be  necessary  at  any 
time  to  distinguish  these  words,  the  appropriate  sign  should  be  added. 

select  deduct ..../.--  instruct  —  fa 

selected    .__•>.-— ^n_ 

selection  direct   ----X- •-  inspect    -.-i>v-.. 

selective  -^    ., 

elect     Tpxr. . .  protect 

conduct                                      „.    .            /  ,    . 

Y  affect    -~-J-^ •  perfect 

construct    .    -_...  effect        _^  ...  restrict 

infect     —  -2~, —  connect 


X) 
detect  .../... 


108.  Letters  or  syllables  following  kt  other  than  those  men- 
tioned in  the  note  in  paragraph  107  are  expressed  by  joining 
their  signs  to  the  detached  stroke. 

connections   ...^ manufacture ^T^....      conductor    — ^ 

electrical        ..Tr^t..     directory        -A —      deductible  -- 

101 


102  ROWE    SHORTHAND 

109.  The  kt  rule  may  be  used  to  phrase  short  words  ending 
in  kt  by  writing  the  first  character  of  such  a  word  under  the 
preceding  outline. 


we  will  act       __<xr- ...  owing  to  the  fact of  the  fact        -.."X 

in  this  section  -4^- in  f act  -  -  -  ^ m  the  market,  -  -.-^ . .. 

110.  The  termination  ale  is  expressed  by  detaching  the  char- 
acter just  before  ate  and  writing  it  above  the  preceding  part  of 
the  outline. 

NOTE:  Ordinarily  it  is  not  necessary  to  add  the  syllables  ed,  tion,  and 
five  to  words  ending  in  ate. 

celebrate  ^  concentrate    ?^= — <*?.  stimulate  ..QTT 

celebrated     --±^^?-..  <&~^^^  ^^ 

celebration  speculate        .o....  calculate    ...^ 

^  O 

investigate  ,.-^rro-.  aggregate       __tfJ....  dictate       ....//. 


indicate        .  ..  .-frt.  •        contemplate   .  .  ^r~.  -  .        illustrate    .  ......  /.  . 

adulterate    _____  ^  ----       hesitate  meditate    ____  ^'.... 

111.  When  the  ate  termination  forms  a  separate  syllable,  it 
is  expressed  by  detaching  A  and  writing  it  above  the  pre- 
ceding part  of  the  outline. 

create  >, 

created  —  liberate       .  .  _/s.  —          remunerate    .....    —  . 


creative 


' 


creation  exaggerate.    .  .]'!....          invigorate      ..>—  -^. 

112.  The  termination  kation  (cation)  may  often  be  most 
legibly  represented  by  detaching  the  K  and  writing  it  above 
the  preceding  stroke  in  the  outline. 

specifications  .TTTTaTT^'..  qualifications    ..f^I^....   confiscation   ...v^-r^r:. 
modification    -.-^-  .....  communication  ____  .^_^...    justification    ........... 


cultivation 

collection 

defective 

ventilation 

immigration 

granulated 

conflict 

demonstration 

classification 

products 

incorporated 

regulation 


o 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 
REVIEW  EXERCISE 

- fortunate          -.-'^ 

•- effective 

—  liquidation 
> —  legitimate 
'---   prostration 
-  -  conviction 


103 


7. .   dejected 
. . . .  neglected 
.  _  violation 


*?.. ]/-....  corporation 

. eviction 

^.. . .  _ .  generate 
jurisdiction hesitation 

7 

which  fact  ...... 

indication  ....-f^r^...  destruction  . .    / 

elaborate  J^^-...  attract  f, 

-  -  identification  ...J^:^,.  project  ..  ^^ 

. .  nomination  - .  ^~.  notification  . 


introduction J> .  . . 


o/ 


READING  EXERCISE 
Selection 


*: (iD-< 


104 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


Letter 


WRITING  EXERCISE 

Messrs.  Dickinson  &  Alexander, 
Newark,  N.  J. 

Gentlemen 

We  have  just  completed  arrangements  by  which  the  Eastern  Shoe  Manu- 
facturing Co.  and  the  New  York  Shoe  Co.  will  be  merged  into  one  corpor- 
ation to  be  known  as  the  New  York  Shoe  Manufacturing  Co. 

Mr.  J.  D.  Smith  will  be  the  president  of  the  new  corporation.  We  will 
occupy  the  factory  now  owned  by  the  Eastern  Shoe  Manufacturing  Co., 
which  is  one  of  the  largest  in  the  city.  All  the  work  will  be  done  as  here- 
tofore under  the  supervision  of  Mr.  R.  W.  Frank. 

This  arrangement  will  mean  increased  efficiency,  considerable  saving  in 
manufacture,  as  well  as  a  largely  increased  production.  It  will  enable  us 
to  secure  the  maximum  of  quality  at  the  minimum  of  price. 


ROWF    SHORTHAND  105 

We  hope  that  our  pleasant  business  relations  of  the  past  may  be  con- 
tinued and  our  account  with  you  increased  in  volume  as  we  demonstrate 
our  ability  to  serve  you  better. 

Very  truly  yours,  (150  words) 

Mr.  Frederick  C.  Smith, 
1892  South  St., 
Scranton,  Pa. 

Dear  Sir: 

On  November  15  we  called  your  attention  to  a  public  utility  investment 
which  we  could  offer  at  a  price  to  net  8%.  We  refer  to  the  first  mortgage 
bonds  of  the  Kansas  Electric  Co.  This  property  is  one  of  our  own  enter- 
prises financed  by  ourselves  and  successfully  operated  for  five  years.  We 
have  two  long  term  contracts  extending  beyond  the  life  of  the  bond. 

A  complete  new  generating  plant  has  just  been  installed  and  a  transmis- 
sion system  into  Brownsville  is  projected.  This  will  enable  us  to  serve  a 
rich  slate  bearing  region  second  only  in  importance  in  the  United  States. 

The  story  of  this  enterprise  is  told  in  a  profusely  illustrated  booklet  which 
we  shall  gladly  mail  free  upon  request. 

Very  truly  your?.  (126  words! 


LESSON  18 
PHRASING 

113.  Review  all  the  phrases  and  phrasing  principles  on  pages 
6,  11,  17,  23,  28,  36,  45,  53,  58,  62,  75,  85,  86,  90,  and  102. 

In  constructing  phrases  in  shorthand  two  things  must 
be  steadily  borne  in  mind:  Only  words  which  have  a  sense 
connection  should  be  phrased;  and  the  outlines  for  the  words 
should  join  easily. 

114.  Many  phrases  which  occur  frequently  in  business  cor- 
respondence have  been  given  in  previous  exercises.     Practice 
the  following  additional  list.     A  phrase  is  of  little  -value  unless 
it  has  been  so  thoroughly  memorized  that  it  can  be  written  without 
hesitation. 


Very  sincerely  yours 
Yours  very  sincerely 

Cordially  yours 

We  are  in  receipt  of 
your  letter 

Dear  Madam  "   / " 

We  have  sent  you 


We  are  sending  you 

We  are  sorry 

We  are  very  sorry 

very  soon 

let  us  know 

let  us  have 


kindly  let  us  know    - 

we  are  very  glad 

take  care  of 

your  attention 

price  list 

bill  of  lading 

years  ago 

some  time  ago 

at  this  time 

at  the  present  time 

last  month 

list  of  the 


106 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


107 


115.  The  following  is  a  list  of  useiul  phrases  beginning  and 
ending  with  as. 

as  far  as  as  soon  as  possible 

as  far  as  possible   /T^x- as  low  as  possible 

as  long  as  -^*->--  as  high  as 

^**<^ 

t? 
as  well  as  — e^*....  as  little  as 

as  near  as  . .<->... '*?-...  as  fast  as 

116.  To  may  frequently  be  omitted  in  phrasing,  especially 
after  able,  regard,  regret,  reference,  glad,  and  order. 

able  to  make  , ^2-~ 5 *n  reference  to  this  matter*  .2-&— 

able  to  leave  !/>£.. we  are  glad  to  have  . — ^.^-T7T^ 

unable  to  do  , £ we  are  glad  to  make  .- — ^f/     

with  regard  to  the  matter*  .__Js^r^_ ..  ..in  order  to  make  1—— , 

in  regard  to  the  matter* ought  to  have  ..  ..£-__^_- 

with  regard  to  your  letter* -^/T^-^^--  ought  to  be  , £_ 

we  regret  to  say*  . — <<O/Tr. . . .  we  want  to  be 

in  reference  to  the  matter*--  -^rry wc  are  sorry  to  Icain 

*The  prefix  re  may  be  omitted  from  regard,  reference,  and  regret  in  phrasing. 

117.  In  the  following  phrases,  a  word,  which  is  readily  sup 
plied  by  the  sense,  is  omitted. 


108 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


by  and  by 
more  and  more 
larger  and  larger 
again  and  again 
higher  and  higher 


according  to  the 
more  or  less 
sooner  or  later 
from  time  to  time 
over  and  over 


118.  Their,  there   may  be  phrased  to  a  preceding  word  by 
the  shaded  retrace. 


on  their 
in  their 
if  their 
if  there  is 


for  their 
give  there 
with  their 
to  do  their 


119.  Hundreds,  thousands,  and  millions,  when  used  with 
numerals,  are  expressed  by  writing  the  initial  characters 
of  their  outlines,  H,  TH,  and  M,  respectively,  close  to  the 
numeral. 


700 
600 
500 
400 

sooo 


6000 

8,000,000       «£. 

3,000,000       JL 

900,000 

300,000 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


109 


120.  The  ending  ty  in  20,  30,  etc.,  is  expressed  by  a  straight 
upward  stroke  joined  to  the  numeral. 


20  30  40  50  60  70  80  90 

121.  Per  cent  is  expressed  by  P  written  close  to  the  numeral. 
20%      ^<^  200% 

3%        J7  50% 


122.  Practice  the  following  outlines  for  the  names  of  the 
days  of  the  week  and  the  months  of  the  year. 


^9^. /^j?™.- 


110 


KOWE    SHORTHAND 


WRITING  EXERCISE 
Letters 

Mrs.  William  W.  Smith, 
Harrisburg,  Pa. 

Dear  Madam: 

On  July  20  we  accepted  your  check  for  $50  drawn  on  the  East  End  Sav- 
ings &  Trust  Co.  We  were  surprised  this  morning  to  have  this  check  re- 
turned to  us  marked  "Not  Sufficient  Funds." 

Under  the  circumstances  we  suggest  that  you  arrange  to  call  at  this 
office  and  redeem  this  check  at  an  early  date,  or  use  the  enclosed  stamped 
envelope  to  mail  us  a  cashier's  check  or  post  office  money  order  for  the 
amount.  Your  early  attention  will  be  appreciated. 


Very  truly  yours. 


(87  words) 


ROWE    SHORTHAND  111 

New  York  Furniture  Co., 
Mt.  Vernon,  N.  Y. 

Gentlemen : 

We  have  your  order  for  20  dozen  No.  436  bedroom  chairs  with  wooden 
seats.  We  are  sorry  to  say  that  we  are  entirely  out  of  this  chair  in  the 
wooden  seat  but  can  furnish  you  the  same  pattern  in  the  cane  seat  at  $3.00 
a  dozen  less  than  the  price  quoted  you  for  the  chair  with  the  wooden  seat. 
This  will  make  the  chairs  cost  you  $40  a  dozen  net.  For  your  convenience 
we  are  enclosing  a  stamped  envelope  in  which  kindly  inform  us  whether  we 
shall  send  the  chairs  with  the  cane  seats. 

Very  truly  yours,  (105  words) 


LESSON  19 
SUFFIXES-  DISJOINED 
123.  Graph,  graphy,  graphic  —  expressed  by  GR. 

stenography      .CTTT^..  autograph      ....£,....  photograph 

stenographer  .  CTTT^^.  .  mimeograph  ----  ,-.  ----  photographer  .      (^ 

\.  ^ 

paragraph        ____  JO.  .  .  multigraph    .,  .     .  telegrapli 


typography     ----/_. lithograph      ,..^*&..   telegrapher 

X, 

124.  Graphical,  graphically — expressed  by  GL. 

typographical ^ geographical l^...  autobiographical  -.~£^ 

<^  / 

125.  Ology — expressed  by  O. 

physiology         ..^^...     theology           ^- --  chronological*  ...        . 
mythology        ^\. ..      theologian  .TT^^s psychological*  .  .\^^-, 


pathological*         .J>\,_      biology       -•-•(<)•  ----  geology 
*  Add  the  KL  hook  to  the  detached  O  for  ologicai. 

126.  Hood  —  expressed  by  H. 

.^~  , 

manhood         —  ~?f-  ____    childhood     ...\s^---   hardihood 

neighborhood    .........    boyhood       ____  ^-\^-,  .  .   motherhood 


.  .  _.  _^, 
brotherhood     ----  ......    fatherhood  —  iff.  .  ..     livelihood  ^ 


112 


ROWE    SHORTHAND  113 

127.  Ingly — expressed  by  loop-/  written  in  the  place  of  the 
ing-dot. 

exceedingly  ...S* becomingly  warningly  ..rr^. — 

£7  f t-<? 

seemingly      .'^^—^^'/--      soothingly         pleadingly /7. 

knowingly     . _ ___ .     ~_ .      beseechingly  ..CZ—^..  cheeringly  \J--- 

engagingly     ...JT^...      longingly        lovingly 


128.  Fulness  —  expressed  by  FL. 

usefulness      —  Ss^s?....  cheerfubiess  ......  1^  .....  skilfulness 

&> 
wastefulness-  ~r^.  _____  hopefulness    ......  .^....lawfulness 

carefulness    .-..*r7T??.....  peacefulness  .....  .^v.  thoughtfulness 


\ 
129.  Guish,  quish,  guage  —  expressed  by  Q. 


language      ^/.-----  distinguish    ^_ 

relinquish  vanquish       .^ 


130.  Tilde,  tute,  tution  —  expressed  by  D. 
solitude         ----         constitution    .....  -     -----      multitude 


magnitude     ...  •  rrr/..       institution       —  fi>-  .....      attitude 
substitute     ......  ....     destitute          ...../....      aptitude          .&). 


114  ROVVE    SHORTHAND 

131.  Nificant,  nificent — expressed  by  N. 

significant      ^^^ significance* 

magnificent    magnificence* 

*  Nificence  is  expressed  by  adding  the  circle-.?  to  N. 


132.  Ington  —  expressed  by  a  heavy  dot  written  in  place  of 
the  ing-doL 


Wilmington  _  _^L.  ...  Lexington      ^ 

Wellington     _  _<<r  ____  Covington     .-.- 

Washington  Remington   ....> 


133.  The  suffixes  live  and  sive  in  long  words  may  often  be 
more  legibly  represented  by  disjoined  T  and  S. 


comparative..-.^-  ____  affirmative  ..^.^  ....  deceptive     __ 

exclusive        -  V—.  ......  initiative  ...*/.  ___  consecutive  .-t 

inclusive         ...........  objective  .  -  -y  .....  superlative 

imperative      .  .  ./>•*.  .  .  .  subjective  -----  .....  negative       . 


NOTE:  In  most  cases  disjoined  T  can  also  be  used  for  lively  and  tiveness, 
and  disjoined  S  for  sively  and  siveness. 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 

READING  EXERCISE 
Article 


115 


r^i.TZ,    ..*....:> /........ 


„. 


-..,.    . -y^.  .5^       .^ .  -j.        :          -^- .  -^1 


116  ROWE    SHORTHAND 

WRITING  EXERCISE 

Letter 

Mr.  K.  L.  Samuels, 

467  Land  Title  Building, 
Galveston,  Texas. 

Dear  Sir: 

For  the  protection  of  our  customers  and  the  public,  our  banking  depart- 
ment will  be  open  each  evening  from  seven  until  ten  o'clock  from  December 
2  to  December  23  inclusive. 

If  you  find  it  convenient  to  do  so,  you  are  invited  to  deposit  with  us  your 
cash  receipts  for  the  day  and  receive  in  exchange  therefor  a  draft  which 
you  can  deposit  the  following  day  with  your  own  bank.  If  desired  our 
armed  steel  bank  car  will  call  at  your  place  of  business  at  any  hour  during 
the  day  or  evening  that  is  convenient  to  you. 

We  should  of  course  be  glad  to  have  you  open  an  account  with  us  but  you 
are  welcome  to  make  use  of  our  facilities  without  any  obligation.  Our 
deposits  of  $1,200,000  are  protected  by  resources  aggregating  almost 
$3,000,000. 

Very  truly  yours,  (124  words) 

Selection 

My  young  friends,  make  yourselves  believe  while  in  school  that  when 
you  leave  to  take  a  position  all  the  knowledge  you  have  obtained,  and  a 
great  deal  more,  will  be  required  of  you;  then  you  will  get  the  most  out 
of  your  course.  When  a  position  is  offered,  you  will  accept  it  with  more 
confidence  in  yourself;  you  will  feel  that  you  have  the  ability  to  do  any 
work  in  your  line  that  may  be  demanded  of  you.  Some  students  go 
through  the  course  in  a  half-hearted  manner,  doing  only  what  is  required 
to  be  done.  There  are  others  who  seem  to  lack  an  important  element — 
confidence  in  themselves.  By  their  look,  their  dress,  their  walk,  and  their 
talk,  they  show  lack  of  faith  in  themselves;  an  employer  will  not  give 
them  a  trial  because  he  sees  they  lack  the  qualities  they  should  have — 
ambition,  aggressiveness,  and  efficiency. 

Do  not  believe  that  the  requirements  for  graduation  are  too  high  but 
consider  that  the  requirements  of  the  business  world  are  a  little  higher, 
and  then  set  your  standards  a  little  higher  still.  Feel  satisfied  only  when 
you  have  reached  your  standards.  (191  words) 


LESSON  20 
COMPOUND  PREFIXES 

134.  When  the  prefixes  con,  com,  col,  cor,  cog,  and  cum  occur 
medially,  they  are  indicated  by  writing  the  sign  for  the  first 
letter  of  the  initial  syllable  in  the  word  close  to  or  through  the 
part  which  follows,  con,  com,  etc. 

NOTE:  The  position  of  words  written  according  to  this  rule  is  deter- 
mined by  the  vowel  following  the  first  consonant  in  the  stem  (not  the 
prefix)  of  the  word. 

Accom  (A) 

ace 


accommodate       ', accomplish  /7i .  -  -      accompany 

accommodation    A accomplishment    /?!_-••    accumu'ate 

Circum  (S) 


circumference  -  — — =•*** —         circumspect     -_----O.-  circumvent 

circumflex        •  — — =\- circumscribe     -•~^^S^>-  -  circumvention 

Decom  (D) 

decompose      ...../..-.  disconnect      ..-/- —  .y-  discomfort 

% 
disconcert        -  - .  >s — -ff.  -  -  discommode  -  -  --/-- disconsolate 


economy          __  _"~^,  _____ 
economical      ...7^—  3... 


Econ  (£) 


117 


118 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 
Incom  (/) 


> 

incomparable     
inconceivable     ^1— 
inconvenient       ,)' 

-^5                                      incommensurable  —  ,-^Q,—  •' 
inconvenience        •*}  —  --  .3... 

incomprehensible  rTN/:  .  

inconsiderable    ...j 
^ 

/                                           incompetent          .-..v^^--'.  .  .. 

/ 
~~~"~?j                                       incontestable         ....<??  

inconsistent        .4^ 

(Ti  incorruptible          -/^-,~  -  - 

-^»-  -^                                                                                                                                        ^vy^      / 

Miscon  (M) 
__  —  ^                                       misconstrue         

misconduct 

-o 

-t 

^^_^              Noncom  (N) 
nonconductor      

noncommittal    --- 

\ 
preconceit 

preconceive          X: 

recommend 
recommendation  • 

Precow  (P) 
:^-^.  .  .                                      preconcerted       .  .  vv^/ 

v—  Trrr>. 

i?ecow  («). 
\7       _       reconcile       ^^_^'         recollect      .  .  .  ^^ 

/ 
>y.-       reconsider.  .\^^---     recognize     ..  ->,  —  „... 

_/>..       reconvey       **     N          recognition      v  -- 

self-confidence  .  -^ 

o 

Self-con  (Cirde-s) 
^    self  command  -  -  -  -7-  •  -  •  self-conceit          --^  / 

0 

o  /  _  cplf-rnntninftd  °A  -  -  self-comnlacent  .  .^TTT^ 

NOTE:  The  prefix  self  is  expressed  by  writing  the  circle  beside  the  first 
stroke  in  the  outline,  as  shown  in  the  following  outlines. 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


119 


self-centered 
self-satisfied        ._ 
self-examination  —  °77 
self-respect 


unconcerned 

unconventional 

uncontrollable 


-    self-defense     . . .  A> self-denial  .  _ . 

..selfish  .....d...   selfishness    ..^ 

^--self-assertive  Ss-S^Z-c-r-sv.  self-evident 
- .  self-sacrifice    ^TT^~^?  self-reliance 

Uncon  (U) 

unconditional   .  -S^ —  unconscious          •  -  -V;--  -  - 

)  ° 

rrr^ .  uncommon      — v—-  - .  uncomfortable     -  -  -  \>*<  - 


unconverted 


/ 


.  uncompromising 


135.  When  the  prefixes  ac,  oc,  ab,  ob,  ap,  and  op  occur  medi- 
ally, they  are  indicated  by  writing  the  sign  for  the  initial 
syllable  of  the  word  close  to  or  through  the  part  of  the  word 
which  follows  ac,  oc,  etc.  Con,  when  occurring  medially,  is 
indicated  by  detaching  the  first  letter  (unmodified)  of  the  initial 
syllable.  See  paragraph  134  and  the  note. 


Inac  (I  shortened) 


inaccurate 
inappreciable 


inaccessible 


..  unoccupied 


Unac  (U  shortened) 
unacceptable  .  .>j — ^?..  unaccountable 

unobtainable ^r unapproachable  . .       unopposed 

19 
Coop  (K  shortened) 

cooperate       . .  .!">. cooperative 

~l 


cooperation 


120 

rcappoint 
reoccupy 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 
Rcac  (R  shaded) 

reappor tion  —  - *- r eabsorb     . . ^. _  r> . 

reappear          V^S»..i..  reobtain    ^.. 


preoccupied 


Preac  (P  shaded) 

preapprehension 


136.  Other  compound  prefixes  are  formed  by  joining  the 
characters  which  represent  the  simple  prefixes. 


insufficient       — oU^,  reproduce     --  ^-. ..  .represent 


j 

untranslatable  -"^T indiscernible 

unsuspicious    --'^W^-  unprepared 


representative 
insubordination. 


137.  The  negative  of  many  words  is  formed  by  prefixing  un 
or  non.  When  the  signs  for  these  prefixes  cannot  be  conven- 
iently joined,  the  word  is  made  negative  in  meaning  by  a  ver- 
tical tick  struck  through  the  outline. 


unwise 

unknown 

unlikely 


unlawful        ..-^l.....  unworkable 

0 

unwelcome    ..+-4™:.,.  uncertain 

unworthy      ______  non-payment 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


121 


138.  The  phrases  have  been,  had  been,  and  has  been  may  be 
made  negative  by  striking  a  vertical  tick  through  the  sign. 


he  has  been 
he  has  not  been 
we  have  not  been 
it  has  not  been 


which  has  not  been 
we  had  not  been 
you  have  not  been 
you  had  not  been 


READING  EXERCISE 

Articles 


122 


RO\VK    SHORTHAND 


WRITING  EXERCISE 
Selection 

It  is  safe  to  say  that  not  one  stenographer  in  fifty  fully  appreciates  her 
opportunities.  Although  she  sits  daily  at  the  very  fountains  of  business 
knowledge  and  intercourse,  she  is  more  apt  to  think  of  herself  merely  as  a 
machine  to  take  down,  word  for  word,  what  is  said  to  her  than  she  is  to  ap- 
preciate her  opportunity  to  become  so  familiar  with  the  detail  and  spirit 
of  the  business  that  she  can  increase  constantly  in  usefulness  to  her  em- 
ployer and  advancement  in  her  work.  She  may  learn  to  become  expert  in 
the  art  of  business  correspondence,  which  is  one  of  the  greatest  of  the  arts 
of  business  life.  She  may  learn  to  grasp  the  thought  as  well  as  the  words, 
to  suggest  the  word  that  does  not  readily  come  to  the  mind  of  the  person 
dictating,  to  correct  a  slip  of  the  tongue,  and  to  make  up  the  entire  answer 
to  many  letters  from  a  bare  indication  of  her  employer's  wishes. 

But  there  are  few  stenographers  who  can  do  any  of  these  simple  things. 
The  stenographer  who  can  be  trusted  to  make  up  a  letter  is  rare.  The  one 
who  can  sign  letters  that  have  not  been  read  by  the  dictator  is  also  rare. 
If  the  least  liberty  is  given  in  changing  the  phrasing  of  a  letter,  it  usually 
has  to  be  done  over.  It  is  this  helplessness  that  reduces  a  stenographer's 
work  to  the  merely  mechanical  copying  of  exact  words.  The  stenographer 
has  a  unique  business  opportunity  and  seldom  knows  it.  (254  words) 

— Warren:  "Thoughts  on  Business." 


KOWE    SHORTHAND  123 

REVIEW  TEST 

1.  How  are  words  ending  in  kt  written? 

2.  Explain  the  writing  of  words  ending  in  ate. 

3.  What  suffixes  do  the  following  disjoined  signs  represent?     GR,GL, 
O,  H,  FL,  Q,  D,  X,  T,  S,  loop-/,  and  heavy  dot. 

4.  Write  the  outlines  for  the  days  of  the  week  and  the  months  of  the 
year. 

5.  How  are   the   prefixes  con,   com,  etc.,   expressed  when  occurring 
medially? 

6.  Explain  the  writing  of  words  in  which  the  prefixes  ac,  ap,  etc.,  occur 
medially. 

7.  What  is  the  "negative  sign"  and  when  is  it  used? 

8.  How  are  the  numerals  20,  30,  etc.,  represented? 

9.  How  may  their,  there  be  phrased? 

10.  How  are  hundreds,  thousands,  and  millions  when  used  with  numerals 
expressed?     What  sign  is  used  to  express  per  cent? 


124 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 
THE  ROWE  ALPHABET 

SHORT  CHARACTERS 

R  CH  T 

\  i  / 


Consonants 
J          D        M        F 


MEDIUM  CHARACTERS 


K 


Voxels 
E         I         O        U 


LONG  CHARACTERS 

N         H       W       L         TH        P        Q        X         Y 


SPACE  CHARACTERS 

B  G  SH  W1I 

r>         u       C          D 


ST 


TR       DR        FR 
/          /         ^ 


R  BLENDS 

KR     THR       PR        BR 


GR    SHR      STR 
U       C          C 


COMPENDIUM  OF  RULES 

1.  Write  by  sound,  omitting  all  silent  letters. 

2.  Consonant  characters  are  written  on  position  to  indicate 
a  following  vowel. 

3.  Positions  are  a,  e,  i,  o,  and  u — above  the  line,  on  the  line, 
through  the  line,  below  (touching)  the  line,  and  under  (free 
from)  the  line,  respectively. 

4.  Vowel  characters  are  used  to  express  initial  and  final 
vowels. 

5.  The  diphthongs  au,  oi,  and  ou  are  assigned  to  the  a,  i, 
and  o  positions  respectively,  and  are  differentiated  from  the 
other  sounds  of  those  positions  by  a  dot  placed  beside  the 
consonant  stroke. 

6.  The  vowel  characters  A,  I,  and  0  are  modified  to  the 
diphthongs  au,  oi,  and  ou  by  the  dot. 

7.  T  and  D  are  written  upward  after  T,  TR,  CH,  and  J. 

8.  W  and  L  are  "jogged"  when  followed  by  F  or  V. 

9.  The  retrace  for  th  is  used  when  alphabetic  TH  cannot  be 
conveniently  joined  at  the  end  of  a  stroke. 

10.  A  small  circle  expresses  s.     Circle-s  is  written  on  the 
regular  side  of  strokes  (on  the  inside  of  curves  and  with  clock- 
wise motion  on  straight  strokes),  and  on  the  outside  of  angles. 

11.  The  circle-5  is  used  initially  only  when  followed  by  a 
consonant. 

12.  A  small  loop  written  finally  on  the  regular  side  of  strokes 
expresses  I. 

13.  Alphabetic  L  is  used  after  short  characters. 

14.  B  is  used  to  express  either  b  or  p  (cognate  sounds)  after 
R,  CH,  T,  D,  J,  F,  V,  Q,  B,  and  G. 

125 


126  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

15.  B  is  written  as  a  final  hook  on  the  upper  side  of  M,  K, 
N,  S,  H,  L,  W,  P,  and  X  to  express  either  b  or  p. 

16.  G  is  used  to  express  either  g  or  k  (cognate  sounds)  after 
R,  B,  and  G. 

17.  G  is  written  as  a  final  hook  on  the  right  side  of  CH,  T, 
D,  and  J,  and  on  the  under  side  of  all  other  characters  to 
express  either  g  or  k. 

18.  B  is  diminished  to  express  the  blends  bl  and  pi. 

19.  BL-PL  is  joined  initially  and  finally  to  R,  CH,  T,  D,  J, 
F,  V,  Q,  B,  and  G.     When  written  initially  BL-PL  is  placed 
on  position  to  indicate  a  following  vowel. 

20.  BL-PL  is  turned  as  a  small  hook,  initially  and  finally, 
en  the  upper  side  of  M,  K,  N,  S,  H,  L,  W,  P,  and  X. 

21.  G  is  diminished  to  express  the  blends  gl  and  kl. 

22.  G1-K1  is  joined  initially  and  finally  to  R,  CH,  T,  D,  J, 
B,  and  G.     When  joined  initially  G1-K1  is  written  on  position 
to  indicate  a  following  vowel. 

23.  G1-K1  is  turned  as  a  hook  initially  and  finally  on  the 
under  side  of  all  other  characters. 

24.  The  loop-/  is  diminished  to  express  the  blend  fl.     When 
occurring  initially,  FL  is  written  on  position  to  indicate  a  fol- 
lowing vowel. 

25.  R  following  any  character,  consonant  or  vowel,  is  ex- 
pressed by  shading  the  sign. 

26.  F,  K,  P,  and  TH  are  shaded  at  their  extreme  ends  to 
add  r  (to  distinguish  such  syllables  from  the  blends  FR,  KR, 
PR,  and  THR). 

27.  All  the  long  characters  and  B,  G,  SH,  WH,  and  J  are 
lengthened  to  add  m  or  n. 

28.  The  long  characters  are  superlengthened  to  add  nn,  mm, 
nm,  or  mn. 


ROWE    SHORTHAND  127 

29.  The  medium  characters,  F,  K,  and  M,  and  the  vowel 
characters,  A,  E,  I,  and  U,  are  shortened  to  add  m  or  n. 

30.  T  and  D  are  written  upward  to  add  m  or  n. 

31.  All  the  space  characters  and  the  loop-/  are  enlarged  to 
add  /  or  d. 

32.  D  and  DR  are  made  double  length  to  add  t  or  d.    Double 
length  D  expresses  the  final  syllables  ted  and  ded. 

33.  The  circle-5  and  loop-/  are  written  on  the  irregular  side 
to  express  ts  or  ds  and  //  or  dl,  respectively. 

34.  B  and  G,  or  any  of  their  modified  forms,  are  written  up- 
right without  slant  to  express  a  following  sh. 

35.  The  termination  ki  (ct)  is  expressed  by  detaching  the 
consonant  stroke  preceding  kt  and  writing  it  under  the  first 
character  in  the  outline. 

36.  The  termination  ate  is  expressed  by  detaching  the  char- 
acter just  before  ate  and  writing  it  above  the  preceding  part  of 
the  outline. 

37.  When  the  ate  termination  forms  a  separate  syllable,  it 
is  expressed  by  detaching  a  and  writing  it  above  the  preceding 
part  of  the  outline. 

38.  When  the  prefixes  con,  com,  col,  cor,  cog,  and  cum  occur 
medially,  they  are  indicated  by  writing  the  sign  for  the  first 
letter  of  the  initial  syllable  in  the  word  close  to  or  through  the 
part  which  follows  con,  com,  etc. 

39.  When  the  prefixes  ac,  oc,  ab,  ob,  ap,  and  op  occur  medially, 
they  are  indicated  by  writing  the  sign  for  the  initial  syllable 
of  the  word  close  to  or  through  the  part  of  the  word  which 
follows  ac,  oc,  etc. 

40.  A  vertical  tick  struck  through  an  outline  may  be  used  to 
express  the  negative  of  words  and  phrases. 


128  ROWE    SHORTHAND 

PHRASING  RULES 

1.  The  is  joined  to  a  preceding  word  by  a  small  retraced 
curve  written  on  the  under  side  of  the  sign. 

2.  The  circle-5  is  used  in  phrasing  to  add  is  and  us. 

3.  The  loop-/  is  used  in  phrasing  to  add  will. 

4.  Be  is  joined  to  will  by  a  hook  written  after  the  loop-/. 

5.  Ing-the  is  expressed  by  a  small  horizontal  tick  written  in 
place  of  the  ing-dot. 

6.  Ing-a,  an  is  expressed  by  a  small  vertical  tick  written  in 
place  of  the  ing-dot. 

7.  Ing-us  is  expressed  by  writing  the  circle-5  in  place  of 
the  ing-dot. 

8.  We,  you,  they,  etc.,  are  shaded  to  add  r. 

9.  By  writing  a  word-sign  on  w-position  a  following  you  or 
your  is  implied. 

10.  Been  is  added  to  have,  has,  and  had  by  lengthening. 

11.  It  or  to  is  phrased  to  a  preceding  is  or  as  by  enlarging 
the  circle-5  to  ST. 

12.  The  reversed  circle  is  used  in  phrasing  to  add  Us  or  it  is. 

13.  The  kt  rule  is  used  to  phrase  short  words  ending  in  kt  by 
writing  the  first  character  of  such  a  word  under  the  preceding 
outline. 

14.  To  may  frequently  be  omitted  in  phrasing,  especially 
after  able,  regard,  regret,  reference,  glad,  and  order. 

15.  Their,  there   may   be  phrased  to  a  preceding  word  by 
the  shaded  retrace. 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


129 


PREFIXES 


Joined 


Ad,  of,  at 
Al,  el,  il 
Am,  an 
As 
Be 

Com,  con 
De 

Dis,  des 

Ed,ef 

Em,  en 

Enter 

Im,  in 

Inter,  intro,  Intel 

Re 

Um,  un 


Ac,  oc,  ab,  ob,  ap,  op 

Per,  pur,  pre 

Pro 

Sub,  sup,  suf,  sur,  sus 

Super,  subter 

Tran,  trans 


A 

Loop-/ 

A  shortened 

Circle-^ 

B   written  in  a  more  slanting 

manner 
K  shortened 
D  written  in  a  more  slanting 

manner 

Reversed  circle-s 
E 

E  shortened 

E  shortened  and  shaded 
I  shortened 

I  shortened  and  shaded 
R  shaded 
U  shortened 


Disjoined 


Light  dot 

B 

BR 

ST 

STR 

TR 


130 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


SUFFIXES 


Joined 


Fy,  vy,  thy 

Lessness 
Ment 


Shun 
Ration 
Ry,  try,  dry 
Ward 

Y   and    ly    following    a 

circle  or  loop 
Y,  ty,  and  dy  following 

an  alphabetic  character 


Fulness 

Graph,  graphy,  graphic 

Graphical,  graphically 

Guish,  quish,  guage 

Hood 

Ing,  thing 

Ings,  things 

Ingly 


By  making  F,  V,  and  TH  more 
curved 

Less  lengthened 

M  shortened;  following  a  long 

character,  by  superlengthen- 

ing  the  character 
SH  written  with  less  curvature 
Sign  for  shun  shaded 
I  shaded 
W     written     downward     and 

shaded 
By  extending  the  circle  or  loop 

across  the  stem  of  the  stroke 


Disjoined 


Fl 

GR 
GL 

Q 
H 

Light  dot 

Circle-.?  written  in  place  of  the 

ing-dot 
Loop-1  written  in  place  of  the 

ing-dot 


ROWE    SHORTHAND  131 

Ington  Heavy  dot  written  in  place  of 

the  ing-dot 

Ize,  ized,  ization  I 

Nificant,  nificent  N 

Ology  O 

Self,  selves  Circle-5  placed  beside  the  stroke 

(This  suffix  may  usually  be 
joined.) 

Ship,  shipped,  shipment  SH 

Sive,     sively,    siveness 

(in  long  words)  S 

Tive,     tively,     tiveness 

(in  long  words)  T 

Tilde,  tute,  tution  D 


COMPLETE  ALPHABETICAL  LIST  OF  WORD-SIGNS 


a,  an,  and                          <"?. 

each 

i 

address                               ...  .£ 

after                                  ..     f 

agent                                 ...    I/ 

equal 

I 

all                                              ^ 

any,  end                           -> 

for 

appropriate 

gave 

U 

are                                      N.. 

give,  given 

arrange,  arranged              ...         | 

general 

I 

as                                            ° 

half 

ask,  asked                               e—' 

have 

at                                               ' 

had 

?_ 

behalf                                   ^~- 

heard 

c 

behave                                  <^- 

however 

change,  changed 

I 

~s"" 

charge,  charged                        | 

if 

character 

immediate, 

church 

is,  his 

—  "7  

1 

circumstance 

it 

company 

judge,  judged 

deliver,  delivered, 
delivery                                       0^  \ 

necessity 

1 

do,  dollar 

necessary 

132 


object 
of,  off 
on,  own 
one 

only 

opportune, 
opportunity 

or 

order,  ordered 

owe,  owed,  owing 

particular 

practice,  practiced, 
practical 

perhaps 

receipt 

receive,  received 

request 

requisite 

satisfy,  satisfied 

satisfactory 

subject 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 
WORD-SIGNS— Continued 


133 


JL 


./. 


success 

succeed 

such 

the 

that 

thought 

to,  too 

today 

under 

upon 

us 

which 

who 

will 

wish,  wished 

with 

would 

word 

you,  your 


z 


UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA  LIBRARY 

Los  Angeles 
This  book  is  DUE  on  the  last  date  stamped  below. 


QCT  2  0  195J 

MAR  9  - 1961 


Form  L9-25m-9,'47(A5618)444 


UNIVERSITY  ot 
AT 
LOS  ANGELES 


Z^6   Reigner- 

R2?r  Rowe  shorthand. 


V 


A     000  573  627     7 


R2?r 


BAKER 
V  V".R 
kS,  TEXAS 


